最新研究显示：防蓝光眼镜或是“智商税”

Blue light glasses gained popularity over the past few years with the idea they protect our eyes against screen usage — but a new analysis shows they might not be as beneficial to our eye health as previously hoped.
防蓝光眼镜在过去几年里越来越受欢迎，因为其号称可以保护眼睛不受电子屏幕伤害，但一项新分析表明，防蓝光眼镜可能并不像我们期待的那样对眼睛健康有益。

Researchers reviewed data from 17 randomized controlled trials and published the results Friday in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews journal. The findings? Glasses marketed to filter out blue light probably make no difference to eye strain or sleep quality.
研究人员评估了17项随机对照试验的数据，并于12月8日在《Cochrane系统评价数据库》杂志上发表了研究结果。研究发现，市场上出售的蓝光过滤眼镜可能对视疲劳或睡眠质量没有影响。

"We found there may be no short-term advantages with using blue-light filtering spectacle lenses to reduce visual fatigue associated with computer use, compared to non-blue-light filtering lenses," said Laura Downie, senior author of the review and associate professor at the University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, in a news release.
该研究的主要作者、澳大利亚墨尔本大学副教授劳拉·唐尼在一份新闻稿中表示：“我们发现，与普通镜片相比，使用蓝光过滤镜片来减少与使用电脑有关的视觉疲劳可能没有短期优势。”

"It is also currently unclear whether these lenses affect vision quality or sleep-related outcomes, and no conclusions could be drawn about any potential effects on retinal health in the longer term," she added. "People should be aware of these findings when deciding whether to purchase these spectacles."
她补充道：“目前还不清楚这些镜片是否会影响视觉质量或睡眠，也无法就其对视网膜健康的长期潜在影响得出结论。人们在决定是否购买防蓝光眼镜时应该了解这些发现。”

The studies they reviewed ranged in size and length, with a span of as few as five to as many as 156 participants assessed over different periods, from less than one day to five weeks. The authors said more research with longer follow-ups in more diverse populations are needed to better assess any potential effects.
研究人员评估的研究在规模和时间长度上各不相同，少则 5 人，多则 156 人，评估时间从不到一天到 5 周不等。作者说，需要在更多样化的人群中进行更长时间的跟踪研究，以更好地评估任何潜在的影响。

"(More studies) should examine whether efficacy and safety outcomes vary between different groups of people and using different types of lenses," author Dr. Sumeer Singh, a postdoctoral research fellow in the Downie Laboratory, advised for future research.
研究作者、唐尼实验室博士后研究员苏梅尔·辛格博士对未来的研究提出了建议：“（更多的研究）应该考察不同人群和使用不同类型镜片的效果和安全性结果是否存在差异。”

Blue light, like that emanating from computer screens and smartphones, does stimulate the eyes, something that can cause sleeping problems. During the pandemic, doctors reported seeing an uptick of vision issues related to computer use including eye strain, which can lead to headaches, frontal headaches, pain around the eyes and pain behind the eyes, as well as dry eyes and related problems.
蓝光，如电脑屏幕和智能手机发出的蓝光，确实会刺激眼睛，从而导致睡眠问题。据医生报告，在疫情期间，与使用电脑有关的视力问题有所增加，包括眼睛疲劳，这可能导致头痛、前额痛、眼周痛和眼球后部痛，以及眼睛干涩和相关问题。

Sellers of blue light blocking glasses or filters promised a solution — but this isn't the first time experts have shown skepticism about their effectiveness.
蓝光阻隔眼镜或滤镜的销售商承诺提供一种解决方案——但这并不是专家们第一次对其有效性表示怀疑。

Earlier this year, optometrist Dr. Robert Johnson told CBS News Pittsburgh that, while he is concerned about the impact of screens on our vision, blue light blockers aren't the answer.
今年早些时候，验光师罗伯特·约翰逊博士告诉哥伦比亚广播公司匹兹堡新闻，虽然屏幕对视力的影响令他担忧，但蓝光过滤镜不是解决问题的办法。

"I would have patients coming in saying they just ordered blue-blocking glasses from the internet for their daughter and what was my opinion," he said. "This blue-blocking situation has been bogus basically from the get-go. ... It's one of the absurdities that come from advertising."
他说：“有病人来找我，说他们刚从网上为女儿订购了阻蓝眼镜，我有什么看法？阻蓝就是一种欺骗... ......这是广告的虚假宣传。”

But while blue light blockers may not do anything, they won't hurt you. In fact, he said, "it causes absolutely no damage."
但是，尽管阻蓝眼镜可能没有任何作用，但它们不会伤害你。事实上，约翰逊说，“它绝对不会造成任何损害。”

Instead of shelling out money for special shades, however, experts advise taking screen breaks.
然而，专家建议，与其花钱购买特殊眼镜，不如让眼睛休息一下。

Dr. Christopher Starr, an ophthalmologist at Weill Cornell Medicine in New York, previously told "CBS This Morning" that those glasses aren't needed as much as small breaks away from staring at the screen.
纽约威尔康奈尔医学院的眼科医生克里斯托弗·斯塔尔博士此前告诉“CBS This Morning”节目，没必要戴阻蓝眼镜，只要在看屏幕期间休息一下就可以了。

He recommends small breaks away from screens every 20 minutes. During that break, look into the distance at an object at least 20 feet away or farther, for 20 seconds or more. Also shut your eyes for 20 seconds during the break.
他建议每看屏幕20分钟就休息一次。在休息期间，注视至少20英尺（约等于6米）外或更远处的物体，持续20秒或更长时间，还要闭上眼睛20秒。

Johnson also goes by the "20-20-20 rule."
约翰逊也同意“20-20-20守则”。

"For every 20 minutes, look away in excess of 20 feet for 20 seconds," he said. "That will relax your focusing mechanism that will give your eyes a break and that will make you more comfortable."
他说：“每隔20分钟，将目光移开20英尺以上远，持续20秒。这样做会放松眼睛的聚焦机制，让眼睛休息一下，让你更舒服。”