BBC news 2009-10-16 加文本

1.Fifteen years after the end of apartheid, it is the ANC at local government level, not new President Jacob Zuma, that’s being blamed for the lack of basic service delivery.

参考翻译：在种族隔离15年之后，被指责缺乏基本服务的不是南非总统祖马，而是当地政府水平的ANC(南非非洲人国民大会)。

语法学习：这句话还可以换一个形式来表述：it is not new president but the ANC that……

此外，这句中的it is that是强调句型。

在英语中，我们常用It is／was… who/that结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语，宾语或状语)。在这个句型中，it没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分，则一律用that来连接。

E.g. It is my mother who／that cooks every day.

E.g. It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam．

二、使用本句型的几个注意事项

1)．被强调成分是主语，who／that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。

   e.g. It is I who am right．

e.g. It is he who is wrong．

e.g. It is the students who are lovely．

2)．即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that。

   E.g.  It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again .

E.g. It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed．

E.g. It was because of the heavy rain that he came late．

3)．如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应提前。

It was from him，his chemistry teacher，that Paul learned to watch carefully in class．

4)．被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是作宾语的代词，用宾格

It was he that helped me yesterday. It was me that he helped yesterday.

5)．被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who

lt was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about．

2.Earlier this week, a spokesman for Jacob Zuma said that instead of demonstrating, those unhappy with the delivery of housing, electricity and water should call a telephone hotline set up to handle complaints.

参考翻译：本周初，总统祖马的一名发言人称，那些对住房，电力和水力不满的人们应该致电专门处理投诉的热线，而不应该进行示威活动。

结构分析：a spokesman for Jacob Zuma said是句子的主语和谓语。后面是that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句的主干是：those should call a telephone hotline.unhappy with是后置定语，修饰those。set up是过去分词做后置定语，修饰telephone hotline。

3.A letter written by a British serviceman during the Second World War has finally been delivered to its destination 60 years after Charles Fleming, who was serving in Italy, sent the 2-page letter to his dearest.

参考翻译：在第二次世界大战期间服役的英国士兵写的信终于抵达目的地。这是60年前在意大利服役的Charles Fleming写给其至亲的长达两页的信件。

结构分析：这句话的主干是A letter has finally been delivered to its destination，其他都是修饰成分。written by是过去分词做后置定语，修饰letter。 who was serving in Italy是定语从句，修饰Charles Fleming。
after Charles Fleming sent the 2-page letter to his dearest是时间状语从句。