BBC在线收听下载:科学家研究发现蘑菇可以“操纵”天气

The United States has reiterated that removing the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad should be the goal of the negotiations that the United Nations has convened in Geneva in January. A White House spokesman said that a transitional government could be formed as the result of the talks. The UN special envoy Lakhdar Brahimi has asked Syrian parties to name their delegations before the end of the year. Jim Muir is following the developments.
美方重申，让叙利亚总统巴沙尔•阿萨德下台是一月份联合国日内瓦谈判的目标。白宫发言人说这次会谈结束后应组建过渡政府，联合国特使拉赫达尔•卜拉希米请求叙利亚各方在年底前确定代表团的人选。 Jim Muir is跟踪报道。

The opposition coalition is trying to insist on prior guarantees that this will indeed be a transition which will involve Bashar al-Assad being out of power almost straight-away as transitional governing body taking all powers, presidential powers included. Whereas of course Mr. Assad has said in a interview quite recently that he sees no reason of why he shouldn't stand for election in 2014. And the regime itself that the fact is, politically, diplomatically and militarily it's in a stronger position than it has been for a very long time, so it's hard to see what its motivation would be to go to Geneva to negotiate its own demise.
反对派联盟试图要求事先做好保证，即总统巴沙尔•阿萨德确实要在过渡期间被赶下台，由过渡政府机构掌握包括总统权在内的全部权力。阿萨德最近在接受采访中说他不能理解为何自己不能参加2014年的选举。事实上从政治、外交和军事角度来说，当局能在很长时期内处于更强有力的位置，所以很难看到日内瓦的协商会结束该政权。

A new report by a network of more than 60 human rights groups says that Syrian women are increasingly the targets of violent abuse and torture by government forces and armed groups. The report estimates that since the start of the conflict, 6,000 women have been raped. Based on interviews with victims and medical staff in the first half of the year, the report concludes that there are ever more instances of women being targeted by snipers and used as human shields, often with their children.
一个由60多个人权组织组成的网络最近报告说，越来越多的叙利亚妇女遭受政府军和武装组织的暴力虐待和毒打。报告估计自冲突开始以来，有6000名妇女被强奸。这份报告是在今年上半年对受害者和医疗工作者采访的基础上做出的，得出的结论是还有更多妇女成为狙击手的袭击目标，还被拿来做人盾，通常她们的孩子也一起受害。

President Obama has defended the interim nuclear deal that world powers agreed with Iran in Geneva. Speaking in San Francisco, Mr. Obama said that tough talk did not guarantee US security. Israel and some other US allies are also expressing major doubts. Israel's Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is sending his top security advisor to Washington to discuss the deal. He said that under any permanent agreement, Iran must scrap, what he called, its military nuclear capability.
总统奥巴马为世界大国与伊朗在日内瓦的临时核协议进行辩护。他在旧金山发表讲话，称强硬的对话不能确保美国的安全。以色列和美国其他盟友也表示非常怀疑，以色列总理本杰明•内塔尼亚胡将自己的最高安全顾问派遣至华盛顿来商讨该协议。他说根据任何永久性协议，伊朗都必须放弃他所谓的军事核能力。

The Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych has spoken on national television to explain why he abandoned a planned agreement on closer ties with the European Union. He told pro-European protesters that economic necessity had forced him to revive dialogue with neighboring Russia. The Kremlin has issued a series of threats and incentives to stop Ukraine signing a trade and cooperation deal with Brussels this week. Thousands of demonstrators have held more protests in the capital against their government's turn toward Russia. David Stern is in Kiev.
乌克兰总统维克多•亚努科维奇在国家电视台上解释自己放弃原计划的与欧盟更亲密关系的协议。他告诉亲欧洲的抗议者，经济需要迫使他重新恢复与邻国俄罗斯的对话。本周克里姆林宫发表系列威胁和激励措施来阻止乌克兰与布鲁塞尔签署贸易和合作协议。数千名游行者在首都举行更多抗议，反对政府转向俄罗斯。戴维•斯特恩在基辅报道。

Today, the demonstrations were smaller, but they were still well attended. There were confrontations between police and demonstrators. The cause is unclear but it apparently involves hundreds of people. There was teargas used and there was also some physical confrontation between the two sides. Ukraine's imprisoned opposition leader Yulia Tymoshenko says that she is going on hunger strike until the president signs the deal.
今天的游行规模小了些，但仍有不少人参加。警方和游行者发生了冲突，原因并不清楚，但显然涉及数百人。警方动用了催泪弹，双方还发生了身体对抗。乌克兰被囚禁的反对派领袖尤利娅•季莫申科称将进行绝食，直到总统签署协议为止。

World News from the BBC.
The Prime Minister of Thailand Yingluck Shinawatra has announced the use of a special security law to counter demonstrators who stormed into government departments during a day of protests across Bangkok. They want the prime minister to step down, claiming she is the puppet of her elder brother the former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra, currently in exile. Jonathan Head reports.
泰国总理英乐•钦那瓦宣布实施特殊安全法来对付曼谷各地抗议活动中冲击政府各部门的游行者，游行者们希望总理下台，声称她是其兄长，也就是目前在流放中的前总理达新•钦那瓦的傀儡。乔纳森•海德报道。

Now the protest organizers are calling on their supporters to bring mattresses and base themselves in these ministries. They are suggesting that they may span those protests over the next 2 days. They are not very specific about what their plans are. And there are certainly very significant numbers of people on the streets today. Hard to count them, because they have been in so many different places. But when they were all in one location over the weekend, the number certainly exceeded 100,000.
现在抗议组织者们呼吁支持者们带来床垫，然后铺在这些部门里躺着。他们称未来两天还会举行抗议，他们并没说其计划是什么。今天街上到处有很多人，很难说清楚有多少人，因为他们分布在各个地方。但周末他们都聚到一出来，人数一下子超过10万。

The UN's health agency says the number of adolescents infected by HIV, the virus that can lead to AIDS has risen by 1/3 in 10 years. The World Health Organization said that more than 2 million people between the ages of 10 and 19 were now living with the virus. It blamed a lack of suitable programs for that age group.
联合国卫生机构称10年来感染艾滋病毒的青少年人数增长了三分之一，艾滋病毒是导致艾滋病的病毒。世界卫生组织称全世界有200多万年轻仔10到19岁的青少年感染艾滋病毒，并称缺少针对这个年龄群体的适当项目。

***省略2段***

Scientists in the United States say that mushrooms generate their own weather. Researchers used high-speed filming to study oyster and Shitake mushrooms. They found the fungi released water vapor, cooling the air around them and creating winds strong enough to blow spores into the air and help them disperse.
美国科学家称，蘑菇能形成自己的天气，研究人员使用高速拍摄手段研究牡蛎和香菇。他们发现蘑菇能释放水汽，冷却周围的空气，并创造足够强大的风来将孢子吹到空气中帮助它们散落开。
BBC News.