奥巴马在上海与中国青年对话

[奥巴马]这是最后一个问题，时间过得真快，最后一个是网民的提问。

All right? All right, this is going to be the last question, unfortunately. We've run out of time so quickly. Our last Internet question, because I want to make sure that we got all three of our fine students here.

[北京网民提问]总统先生，很荣幸问最后一个问题。我是复旦大学的学生，今天我也是中国的青年网民代表。这个问题是北京的一位网民问的，他非常关注您的阿富汗政策。他想知道，恐怖主义是否仍然是美国最大的安全威胁？您如何看待在阿富汗的行动是否会升级成另外一场阿富汗战争？

Q Mr. President, it's a great honor for the last question. And I'm a college student from Fudan University, and today I'm also the representative of China's Youth (inaudible.) And this question I think is from Beijing: Paid great attention to your Afghanistan policies, and he would like to know whether terrorism is still the greatest security concern for the United States? And how do you assess the military actions in Afghanistan, or whether it will turn into another Iraqi war? Thank you very much.

[奥巴马]这是一个非常好的问题。首先我还继续认为对美国安全最大的威胁是像"基地"组织那样恐怖的网络。原因是因为虽然他们数量少，他们已经表明他们是无良心的，这是毁灭无辜人民的行为。因为今天的技术，使得那样的组织得到大规模毁灭性武器，比如核武器、生物武器、化学武器，在一个城市使用，不管是在上海还是纽约，只是少数几个人也可能杀害几万人、几十万人，所以这是构成极大的危险。

PRESIDENT OBAMA: I think that's an excellent question. Well, first of all, I do continue to believe that the greatest threat to United States' security are the terrorist networks like al Qaeda. And the reason is, is because even though they are small in number, what they have shown is, is that they have no conscience when it comes to the destruction of innocent civilians. And because of technology today, if an organization like that got a weapon of mass destruction on its hands -- a nuclear or a chemical or a biological weapon -- and they used it in a city, whether it's in Shanghai or New York, just a few individuals could potentially kill tens of thousands of people, maybe hundreds of thousands. So it really does pose an extraordinary threat.

我们原来进入阿富汗的原因是因为"基地"组织在那里，塔利班接收他们在那里，现在他们已经过了边界，他们现在在巴基斯坦，继续和该地区的"基地"保持网络的关系，所以很重要的是我们要使阿富汗实现稳定或者使阿富汗的人民能够保护自己，也同时能够作为伙伴来帮助减少这些极端组织的力量。

Now, the reason we originally went into Afghanistan was because al Qaeda was in Afghanistan, being hosted by the Taliban. They have now moved over the border of Afghanistan and they are in Pakistan now, but they continue to have networks with other extremist organizations in that region. And I do believe that it is important for us to stabilize Afghanistan so that the people of Afghanistan can protect themselves, but they can also be a partner in reducing the power of these extremist networks.

很显然，这是非常困难的事情。我这个工作最难做的一件事情之一就是命令年轻的男女要到战场去，我经常要会见那些战争死亡人员的父母亲，他们没能回家，这使我心里感到非常痛苦。

Now, obviously it is a very difficult thing -- one of the hardest things about my job is ordering young men and women into the battlefield. I often have to meet with the mothers and fathers of the fallen, those who do not come home. And it is a great weight on me. It gives me a heavy heart.

幸好我们的武装部队的年轻的男士、女士们，他们为国家服务的信念这么强，他们还是愿意去，所以我认为还是有可能，通过更广的联合合作，包括北约的同盟者和其他的，像澳大利亚做贡献的人，我们可以一起帮助训练阿富汗人，使他们能够拥有一个发挥作用的政府，拥有自己的安全力量，然后我们可以慢慢的撤出我们的部队，因为已经不再存在塔利班刚刚走的时候原来真空的状况。

Fortunately, our Armed Services is -- the young men and women who participate, they believe so strongly in their service to their country that they are willing to go. And I think that it is possible -- working in a broader coalition with our allies in NATO and others that are contributing like Australia -- to help train the Afghans so that they have a functioning government, that they have their own security forces, and then slowly we can begin to pull our troops out because there's no longer that vacuum that existed after the Taliban left.

但是这个任务是很不容易的。是最终要击败这些恐怖主义的极端分子，我们要记住他们不只是支持恐怖活动，还会什么事情使得年轻人变成恐怖分子，出于什么动机他们愿意搞自杀炸弹。当然有很多不同的原因，其中包括有一种歪曲宗教的作用，使人们认为这种暴力行为是适当的，就像巴基斯坦和阿富汗发生的因素之一，那些人没有受到教育，也没有机会，所以他们看到在生活中没有向前走的路子，所以他们就想唯一的选择就做那种事情。

But it's a difficult task. It's not easy. And ultimately I think in trying to defeat these terrorist extremists, it's important to understand it's not just a military exercise. We also have to think about what motivates young people to become terrorists, why would they become suicide bombers. And although there are obviously a lot of different reasons, including I think the perversion of religion, in thinking that somehow these kinds of violent acts are appropriate, part of what's happened in places like Pakistan and Afghanistan is these young people have no education, they have no opportunities, and so they see no way for them to move forward in life, and that leads them into thinking that this is their only option.

所以我们在阿富汗要实现的目的之一就是找到一些方法来培训老师，建立学校，改善农业的状况，给人民更大的希望。这个不会改变本拉丹的想法，他们的意识形态是非常固定的，就是要打击西方，但是他们会改变一些年轻人的想法，这个很重要。从更长远来讲，这个事情比我们采取的军事行动可能是更重要的。

And so part of what we want to do in Afghanistan is to find ways that we can train teachers and create schools and improve agriculture so that people have a greater sense of hope. That won't change the ideas of a Osama bin Laden who are very ideologically fixed on trying to strike at the West, but it will change the pool of young people who they can recruit from. And that is at least as important, if not more important over time, as whatever military actions that we can take. Okay?

今天我过得非常愉快，非常感谢各位，首先我想说我对大家的英文印象很深刻，很明显你们是很用功的学习。有机会和大家见面，使我感到美中关系的未来是很有希望的。

All right, I have had a wonderful time. I am so grateful to all of you. First of all, let me say I'm very impressed with all of your English. Clearly you've been studying very hard. And having a chance to meet with all of you I think has given me great hope for the future of U.S.-China relations.

我希望你们很多人有机会到美国来，你们会受到欢迎，我想你们会发现美国人民对中国人民是很热情的，而且我是充满信心，向你们这种年轻人和我在美国所认识的青年，我们两个伟大的国家会继续繁荣昌盛，会帮助实现更和平安全的世界。

I hope that many of you have the opportunity to come and travel and visit the United States. You will be welcome. I think you will find that the American people feel very warmly towards the people of China. And I am very confident that, with young people like yourselves and the young people that I know in the United States, that our two great countries will continue to prosper and help to bring about a more peaceful and secure world.

So thank you very much everybody. Thank you. (Applause.)