人类的捕鱼方式是鱼儿的危机

EarthSky

Rebecca Lewison: For as long as fishers have put gear in the water, they've caught things they haven't meant to catch. And that is, in essence, what bycatch is.

丽贝卡·刘易森：渔夫只要撒网，就会捕到一些他们不想要的东西。本质上说，混获就是这么来的。

You're listening to Rebecca Lewison. She is a conservation ecologist at San Diego State University. And she studies what happens when long-lived marine populations – like sea turtles, sea birds and seals – get snared in fishing gear.

您正在收听的是州立圣迭戈大学保育生物学家丽贝卡·刘易森的讲话。她研究了海龟、海鸟、海豹这类长命海洋生物是如何被混获的。

Rebecca Lewison:  All of these organisms are either trying to, you know, eat the bait that's on the hooks, go after the fish that are caught in nets, or be just hitting gear can cause these mortality events.

丽贝卡·刘易森：所有这些生物都想吃鱼钩上的饵，它们追着网里的鱼，有时候会与渔网直接相撞，仅仅是这样就可能造成致命的后果。

Lewison said that long-lived species are particularly affected by accidental entanglement in fishing lines, because these species take so long to reproduce. She added that it's difficult to estimate numbers of this unintended catch, or even how it impacts ocean health.

刘易森称，长命物种很容易被钓丝意外缠住，因为这些生物需要很长时间才能繁殖。她还表示，要估量这些混获品的数量乃至混获对海洋环境的影响是件非常困难的事。

Rebecca Lewison:  It sounds like a very simple question: How much is too much? How much bycatch in this population is too much?

丽贝卡·刘易森：这听起来像是很简单的问题：多少才算是太多呢？混获品的数量达到多少才算是太多呢？

In order to answer that question, Lewison is studying the complex interactions between fishers, marine species, and the ocean landscape. Ultimately, she said, the goal is to reduce bycatch, in order to make sure that there's fish to catch in the future.

为了解决这个问题，刘易森正着手研究鱼类、海洋生物和海洋环境之间复杂的关系。她说研究的最终目的是减少混获，确保将来有鱼可捕。

Rebecca Lewison:  Bycatch of these large marine organisms is just another indicator that we are fishing unsustainably.

丽贝卡·刘易森：大型海洋生物混获只能再一次说明人们在以不可持续的方式捕鱼。