研究:早期CT扫描增加肺癌病人生存几率

短语讲解：

1. Smokers and former smokers who develop lung cancer are more likely to survive if their disease is detected with a computed tomography, or CT scan instead of a standard chest x-ray, according to a recent study.

lung cancer肺癌

be likely to可能; 倾向于; 很可能

例句：The negotiations are likely to bog down.

谈判可能会停滞不前。

instead of (用…)代替…, (是…)而不是…, (用…)而不用…

例句：Shall we have fish instead of meat today?

今天我们不吃肉吃鱼好吗?

according to根据, 按照

例句：Fill up the form according to the instructions.

按照说明将表填好。

2. That’s because a CT scan picks up lung cancer tumors at a much earlier and more treatable stage.

pick up找到(路线、踪迹等)

例句：The hound picked up the fox's smell and started to chase after it.

猎犬嗅出了狐狸的气味，便开始跟踪追赶。

3. The five-year study, conducted by the US National Cancer Institute, compared conventional, single-image chest x-rays to CT scans in a group of more than 53,000 heavy smokers and former smokers at 33 centers around the United States.

compare to与…相比

例句：The writer was compared to Shakespeare.

把这个作家与莎士比亚进行了比较。

4. In December 2009, when investigators followed up, they discovered a 20 percent higher survival rate among those who received CT scans compared to the x-ray group. 

follow up跟着; 追逐; 继续

例句：The chairman followed up with another question.

主席接着又提了一个问题。

5. For one thing, she says, CT scans are known to produce both a high rate of positive results and so-called false positives, which identify lung nodules that might be cancerous but often turn out to be benign.

for one thing首先, 一则

例句：For one thing there isn't time, for another we haven't enough money.

首先我们没有时间, 其次我们没有足够的钱。

be known to为…所熟知

例句：The actor is well known to us.

我们熟知这个演员。

turn out to be结果是, 原来是, 证明是

例句：He said he was a doctor; but later he turned out to be a cheat.

他自称是个医生, 结果证明他是个骗子。

6. “The rate of positive testing was 24.2 percent throughout the study on average," says Berg.

on average 平均起来

例句：On average we receive five letters each day.

我们平均每天收到五封信。

7. And so I think that before one considers embarking on a program of screening, either for an individual or full a health care organization, one needs to look at the full picture.

embark on着手, 开始做某事

例句：He is about to embark on a new business venture.

他就要开始新的商业冒险活动。

8. “I feel delighted for the people at high risk of lung cancer that there’s further confirmation of our results and that hopefully people will avail themselves of that,” says Henschke.

at risk of 冒…的危险

例句：He saved three children alive at risk of his life.

他拼命救出了三个孩子。

9. Because of these concerns, Henschke believes it will be some time before there are any official recommendations for lung screening, as there are now for breast or colon cancer.

because of因为, 由于

例句：I came back because of the rain.

因为下雨, 所以我回来了。

10. I think, in the meantime, there are programs that provide screening and have protocols in place, and then individuals can make up their minds after talking to their physicians as to whether they want to have such a screening test.

in the meantime在…期间,同时

例句：In the meantime, the sky is turning clear.

与此同时，天空开始晴朗起来。

in place适当的, 适合的

例句：The proposal is not quite in place.

那个提议并不十分适当。

make up one’s mind下决心

例句：However expensive the car may be, I have make up my mind to buy it.

不管这辆小汽车多贵，我已决心买它。