研究:运动可降低患痴呆的风险

短语讲解：

1. In some of the latest research, scientists measure actual physical activity, rather than rely on people's imperfect memories.

rely on信赖, 依赖,依靠
例句：He had proved that he could be relied on in a crisis.
他已表明在紧要关头他是可以信赖的。

2. So they'll ask people in a study about what exercise they've had in the past week, for example.

for example例如, 譬如
例句：There are many sources of air pollution; exhaust fumes, for example.
空气污染有许多来源, 例如废气。

3. Also, people tend to report certain types of activities more than others.

tend to趋向
例句：My grandmother tends to go to bed early every day.
我祖母每天通常比较早睡。

4. To get around that problem, Middleton measured physical activity with an established technique that uses doubly labeled water, made from isotope variants of hydrogen and oxygen.

get around绕开, 避开
例句：It may take time, but we'll get around.
这事可能要费时间, 但我们可以回避。

5. Participants in the five-year study drank a small amount of this special water, and by measuring the isotope variants in their urine, their energy expenditure can be calculated.

a small amount of少量的
例句：This mine only contains a small amount of coal.
这个矿仅蕴藏少量的煤。

6. What we found was a strong relationship between activity energy expenditure and the risk of incident cognitive impairment, she says, "with those of higher activity energy expenditure had 90 percent reduced risk of incident cognitive impairment over the follow-up period compared to those with very low energy activity expenditure.

compare to与…相比
例句：We should compare to this problem more further the high opinion to that problem. 
我们对这个问题应比对那个问题更加重视。   

7. Dr. Eric Larson of the Group Health Research Institute in Seattle, Washington, says the studies add to the evidence that physical activity can reduce the risk of cognitive decline.

add to增加, 加强
例句：The office looked exactly the same as before, only some charts were added to the wall.
办公室里还是那个老样子, 只是墙上多了一些图表。

8. Larson writes that, with accumulating evidence of the link, research should now focus on how best to encourage people to be active, especially in later life.

focus on集中于，致力于
例句：Many firms are focusing on increasing their markets overseas.
许多商行都专注于扩大国外市场。