研究:酗酒的成本有多高?

短语讲解：

1. That hefty bill includes the medical costs related to heavy drinking, plus the impact of alcohol abuse on law enforcement agencies and employers.

relate to涉及, 关系到…
例句：His remarks didn't relate to the topic under discussion.
他说的话与讨论的问题无关。

2. The researchers found the biggest contributor to the total costs of excessive alcohol use was a drop in workplace productivity, but the head of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,  Thomas R. Frieden, MD, told reporters that heavy drinking also contributes to a wide range of chronic health problems, including cirrhosis of the liver, "cancers, including liver, mouth, throat; high blood pressure; mental health problems; injuries, such as motor vehicle crashes, burns, and firearm injuries; violence, including child maltreatment, homicide, suicide, and domestic violence.

contribute to促成
例句：Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the accomplishment of our work.
你的建议大大地促进了我们工作的完成。

3. This study is limited to excessive drinking, which is defined in the CDC study as more than one alcoholic drink per day for women, more than two per day for men, and any drinking at all by pregnant women and underage youth.

limit to (把…)限制在…, 局限于…
例句：We must limit the expenses to $100 a month.
我们必须把开支限制在每月100美元。

4. CDC director Frieden says the price of heavy alcohol use averages out to just under $2 a drink.

average out达到…的平均数; 以…的平均数为结果
例句：John's taxes averaged out to about a fifth of his income.
约翰缴付的税款平均达到他收入的五分之一左右。

5. Those who had more than three alcoholic drinks a day were more likely to get lung cancer, but the increased risk did not apply to more moderate drinkers.

apply to适用于
例句：These principles apply to learning maths.
这些原则适用于学习数学。