CNN News:伊拉克打响解放摩苏尔之战 欲年内夺回第二大城

Since 2014, we talked a lot about a terrorist group named ISIS. That stands for Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. And that's what ISIS wants to create based on its severe interpretation of Islamic law. The group is infamous for mass murdering people who don't share its beliefs.
In June of 2014, ISIS took control of Mosul, the second largest city in Iraq.
Today, it's ISIS' most significant stronghold outside of Syria. And Iraqi troops and militia are getting ready to try to take it back. U.S. troops are also involved. There are several thousand of them currently in Iraq, and with a major battle looming in the months ahead, smoke fills the sky.
SUBTITLE: ISIS' battle tactics.
ARWA DAMON, cnn SENIOR INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENT: This is the Qayyarah power station, more about 65 kilometers to the south of Mosul, with the Iraqi army. That cloud of black smoke you see there, that is actually a fairly common ISIS tactic to try to impair the visibility of coalition aircraft and drones. But it is particularly effective in this area because what they're burning around here, that is crude oil.
There are oil fields that according to the commander, ISIS used to move around 100 tankers of crude a day. That is up until the Iraqi security forces moved into this particular area.
从2014年开始，我们讲了很多有关恐怖组织ISIS的事情。ISIS的全称是“伊拉克和大叙利亚伊斯兰国”。这就是ISIS想依据伊斯兰法的严格解释来创建的“国家”。这个组织因大规模谋杀不认同其信仰的人而臭名昭著。
2014年6月，ISIS占领了伊拉克第二大城市摩苏尔。
现在，摩苏尔是ISIS在叙利亚境外最重要的据点。伊拉克军队和民兵正准备夺回摩苏尔。美国军队也参与其中。现在伊拉克境内有数千名美军，未来几个月将展开主要战争，烟雾一直弥漫在空中。
副标题：ISIS——战略
cnn高级国际记者阿尔瓦·达蒙：这里是卡亚拉赫发电站，位于摩苏尔以南65公里左右，这里由伊拉克军队控制。你看到的这些黑色烟云是ISIS常用的一种战略，目的是削弱联军飞机和无人机的能见度。这种方法在这一地区尤为有效，因为他们在这里燃烧的是原油。
这里是油田，据指挥官说，这里以前每天有约100辆ISIS的油罐车出入。直到伊拉克安全部队进入这一区域前一直是这样。

Now, to the north and east of Mosul, you have the Kurdish Peshmerga positions. They have had a defensive berm in that area for around the last two years. But in recent weeks, they have moved forward from the southeast towards Mosul, as well as capturing some key villages. And in doing that, they have come across some now fairly common ISIS tactics as well underground tunnels. The Iraqis themselves have uncovered homemade ISIS weapons, mortar tubes and mortar themselves, larger than anything the Iraqi say they have at their disposal.
According to the commander of the Nineveh operations, he says that as they moved closer to Mosul, ISIS is using less foreign fighters, more local fighters and they're not putting up as strong of a resistance, saying that they're seeing them flee quite more frequently. Is this because ISIS is running out of fighters, or is it because they are trying to build up their resources to defend Mosul? That commanders are unclear about, but they do believe that they will be able to fulfill the prime minister's goal of liberating Iraq's second largest city by the end of the year.
Of course, the crucial question at this stage is, even though there is a plan to assault the city, is that plan going to mean winning the fight?
现在，库尔德自由斗士驻扎在摩苏尔以北和以东地区。过去两年，他们在那里建起了防御护堤。不过最近几周，他们开始向摩苏尔推进，而且夺下了几个关键村庄。在这一过程中，他们发现了一些ISIS常用的手段以及一些地下隧道。伊拉克军队也发现了ISIS自制的武器和迫击炮管，伊拉克称这些迫击炮比他们清除的任何武器都要更大。
尼尼微行动的指挥官表示，他们在向摩苏尔推进时，ISIS使用了较少的外国武装分子，使用了更多的当地武装分子，而这些武装分子没有制造强大的阻力，他们只是逃跑。这是因为ISIS的武装分子不够了吗？还是因为他们正在集结资源来保护摩苏尔不被夺走？指挥官也不清楚原因，但是他们相信他们在年底前就能实现伊拉克总理的目标，让伊拉克第二大城市重获自由。
当然，现在的关键问题是，虽然他们制定了向该城市进攻的计划，可是这个计划能确保赢得战斗吗？