两个探测器携手合作--和太阳的“亲密接触”又进了一步(下)

Answers to these questions could give us a better understanding of how the sun affects space weather and to better protect satellites that we rely on for everyday activities here on Earth.

这些问题的答案可以让我们更好地了解太阳是如何影响太空天气的，更好地保护我们地球日常活动所依赖的卫星。

So why are there two separate probes launched by two different space agencies to observe the same sun?

那么，为什么两个不同的太空机构会发射两个不同的探测器来观测同一个太阳呢?

It's because they have complementary capabilities and viewpoints of the sun that help broaden the information they collect.

这是因为他们的能力以及探测到的太阳视角可以互补，这有助于扩大他们收集的信息。

For example, cameras can't survive looking directly at the sun from as close as Parker will be.

例如，摄像机无法像帕克探测器那样近距离观测太阳。

So, the Solar Orbiter will capture images of the sun and collect context information from what Parker observes.

太阳轨道飞行器能够捕捉太阳的图像，并从帕克探测器观察到的东西中收集背景信息。

Solar Orbiter plans on getting as close as 25 million miles from the sun, that's under a third of the Earth's average distance from the sun.

太阳轨道飞行器计划抵达离太阳近2500万英里处，这不到地球到太阳平均距离的三分之一。

Parker will get seven times closer than the record holder for a solar pass, flying into the sun's corona within 3.8 million miles of its surface.

而帕克探测器将抵达距离太阳表面380万英里内的日冕层，比绕行太阳的记录保持者近7倍。

If the sun can make you too hot here on earth, imagine being that close to it.

如果太阳能让你在地球上热得难受，想象一下离太阳那么近的情景。

Parker has been specifically designed to withstand temperatures approaching 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit.

帕克探测器是专门设计的，可以承受接近华氏2500度的温度。

To protect itself Parker has been fitted with a 4.5-inch-thick carbon composite shield.

为了保护自身，帕克探测器安装了一个4.5英寸厚的碳复合材料防护罩。

Solar Orbiter traveling farther away only has to withstand temperatures over 930 degrees Fahrenheit.

太阳轨道飞行器在飞行较远的地方时只需要承受超过华氏930度的温度。

But it's fitted with cameras which need to look at the sun, so Solar Orbiter's heat shield actually has holes drilled into it to allow light in for observation.

但太阳轨道飞行器安装了需要观测太阳的摄像机，所以该飞行器的隔热罩上实际上钻了几个洞，以便让光线进来从而可以观测。

Parker's orbit takes it through the sun's corona to sample where corona plasma detaches to become solar wind.

帕克探测器的轨道使其可以穿过太阳的日冕层，在那里，日冕等离子体会分离形成太阳风。

Parker carries with it four instruments to study magnetic fields, plasma and energetic particles, and to image the solar wind and how it accelerates.

帕克探测器携带了四种仪器来研究磁场、等离子体和高能粒子，并对太阳风及其加速过程进行成像。

Solar Orbiter isn't flying in a fixed orbit, but it's in resonance with Venus, using the planet's gravitational pull every few passes to attempt to gradually shift its orbit to about 33 degrees above the solar equator, delivering never-before-seen views of the sun's polar regions.

太阳轨道飞行器并不是在固定的轨道上飞行，但该飞行器与金星共振，利用该行星的引力，每绕行几次，就试图将其轨道逐渐移到太阳赤道上方约33度的位置，从而提供了从未见过的太阳极地区域的视图。

And why are these probes doing this now, because the sun is heading towards what's known as solar maximum which is the peak of solar activity every 11 years.

为什么这些探测器现在要这样做，因为太阳正在朝着每11年一次的太阳活动高峰期前进。

The next peak is predicted to occur in July, 2025, so this is their best opportunity to learn as much about the sun and how it relates to us here on Earth until 2036.

下一个高峰期预计将在2025年7月出现，因此，这是他们在2036年之前尽可能多地了解太阳以及太阳与我们地球的关系的最好机会。