大学英语综合教程 第一册 unit 6a

[04:03.64]he handed Miles the stem.
[04:06.88]Tale of a Whale Why would an animal want to cooperate with a human?
[04:14.22]Behaviorists would say that animals cooperate when they
[04:19.19]learn it is in their interest to do so.
[04:22.53]This is true, but I don't think it goes far enough.
[04:27.57]Gail Laule, a consultant on animal behavior,
[04:32.09]speaks of Orky, a killer whale, she knew
[04:35.93]of all the animals I've worked with, he was the most intelligent,"she says.
[04:41.34]He would assess a situation
[04:43.90]and then do something based on the judgments he made."
[04:48.16]Like the time he helped save a family member.
[04:51.81]When Orky's mate,Corky, gave birth
[04:56.54]the baby did not thrive at first,
[04:59.78]and keepers took the little whale out of the tank by stretcher for emergency care
[05:05.74]Things began to go wrong when they returned the baby whale to the tank
[05:11.28]As the workers halted the stretcher a few meters above the water,
[05:15.77]the baby suddenly began throwing up through its mouth
[05:20.52]The keepers feared it would choke,
[05:23.55]but they could not reach the baby to help it.
[05:26.92]Apparently sizing up the problem,
[05:29.98]Orky swam under the stretcher and allowed one of the men
[05:34.71]to and on his head, something he'd never been trained to do.
[05:39.85]Then,using his tail to keep steady, Orky let thekeeper reach up
[05:47.12]and release the 420-pound baby
[05:50.96]so that it could slide into the water within reach of help.
[05:56.52]Primate Shell Game
[05:59.76]Sometimes evidence of intelligence can be seen in attempts to deceive
[06:05.71]Zoo keeper Helen Shewman of Seattle's Woodland Park Zoo recalls that
[06:11.93]One day she dropped an orange throueh a feeding hole for Melati,an orangutan.
[06:19.35]Instead of moving away to get it
[06:22.98]Melati looked Shewman in the eye and held out her hand
[06:27.47]Thinking the orange must have rolled off somewhere inaccessible,
[06:32.02]Shewman gave her another one
[06:34.76]But when Melati moved off,
[06:37.71]Shewman noticed the original orange was hidden in her other hand.
[06:43.96]Towan, the colony's dominant male, watched this whole trick,
[06:49.63]and the next day he, too, looked Shewman in the eye
[06:53.99]and pretended that he had not yet received an orange.
[06:58.35]"Are you sure you don't have one? She woman asked.
[07:04.31]He continued to hold her gaze steadily and held out his hand.
[07:09.77]Giving in she gave him another one,
[07:14.52]then saw that he had been hiding his orange underneath his foot.
[07:20.08]What is intelligence anyway?
[07:23.14]If life is about survial of a species
[07:27.19]and intelligence is meant to serve that survival
[07:31.24]then we can't compare with pea-brained sea turtles,
[07:35.58]which were here long before us and survived the disaster
[07:41.14]that wiped out the dinosaurs.
[07:43.88]Still, it is comforting to realize
[07:48.04]that other species besides our own can stand back
[07:52.79]and assess the world around them,
[07:55.61]even if their horizons are more limited than ours.
[08:01.07]extensively/  intelligence/ controversy/  surround
[08:16.12]consciousness/  explore/  obvious/ vet
[08:25.97]encounter/ reveal/  convince/  feat
[08:36.00]captivity/  dominant/  species/ make a deal
[08:44.04]conservationist/ female/  gorilla/ suspicious
[08:53.16]peanut/  blan/   negotiate/  stake
[09:01.99]pineapple/  maintain/  relieve/ link
[09:10.19]orangutan/ undertake/ anthropologist/  figure out
[09:21.63]extend/ dealing/  plastic/ chip
[09:30.98]expand/  switch/  foil/  virtuous
[09:39.13]envy/  grape/ promptly/ stem
[09:49.45]whale /  cooperate/  behaviorist/  in sb's interest
[10:06.69]go far/ consultant/  behavior/  assess
[10:14.35]judgment/  mate/  thrive/  at first
[10:25.11]stretcher/ emergency/  go wrong/  halt
[10:35.66]throw up/  apparently/ size up/  release
[10:47.97]slide/ primate/  evidence/ deceive
[10:56.69]inaccessible/ original/ colony/ male
[11:04.35]gaze/  give up/ underneath/  pea-branined
[11:12.26]turtle survive disaster/ wipe out
[11:20.52]dinosaur horizon