高中英语人教版高二下01

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[00:00.00]和谐英语学习网 Unit 1  Making a difference
[00:04.78]Reading  NO BOUNDARIES
[00:09.64]Imagine this:you are twenty-one years old
[00:15.10]and a promising graduate student at one of the top universities in the world.
[00:21.76]One day,your doctor tells you that you have an incurable disease
[00:28.24]and may not have more than twelve months to live.
[00:32.68]How would you feel? What would you do?
[00:37.36]Most of us would probably feel very sad
[00:42.21]and give up our dreams and hopes for the future.
[00:46.89]Here is what Stephen Hawking thought:
[00:50.83](There did not seem) much point in working on my PhD
[00:56.11]I did not expect to survive that long.
[01:00.26]Yet two years had gone by and I was not that much worse.
[01:06.19]In fact,things were going rather well for me
[01:11.34]and I had got engaged to a very nice girl, Jane Wilde.
[01:17.22]But in order to get married,I needed a job,
[01:22.36]and in order to get a job,I needed a PhD.
[01:27.93]Instead of giving up,Hawking went on with his research,
[01:33.88]got his PhD and married Jane.
[01:38.85]Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life
[01:44.41]he had always dreamt of.
[01:47.57]He continued his exploration of the universe
[01:52.22]and travelled around the world to give lectures.
[01:56.48]In 2002,Hawking visited China
[02:01.16]and spoke to university students in Hangzhou and Beijing.
[02:07.11]As his disease has disabled him,
[02:11.27]Hawking has to sit in his now-famous wheelchair and speak through a computer.
[02:19.02]He told the students about his theories and thoughts on some of the greatest questions.
[02:25.87]What is time,how did the universe begin,and what exactly are black holes?
[02:34.41]Hawking became famous in the early 1970s,
[02:39.87]when he and American Roger Penrose
[02:44.44]made new discoveries about the Big Bang and black holes.
[02:50.37]Since then,Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions
[02:56.90]about the nature of the universe.
[03:00.66]In 1988, he wrote A Brief History of Time,which quickly became a best-seller.
[03:09.20]Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist
[03:15.13]could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand.
[03:21.90]In the book,
[03:24.64]Hawking explains both what it means to be a scientist and how science works.
[03:31.91]He tells readers how discoveries are made and how they change the world.
[03:38.28]Science,according to Hawking,is often misunderstood:
[03:44.73]people often think that science is about "true" facts that never change.
[03:51.60]Scientists,on the other hand,Hawking writes,
[03:57.17]know that their job is never finished
[04:01.21]and that even the best theorycan turn out to be wrong.
[04:06.78]A scientific theory is the result Of the scientific method.
[04:12.84]Scientists look at the world and try to describe and explain what they see.
[04:20.21]First,they carefully observe what they are interested in.
[04:25.95]To explain what they have seen,
[04:29.71]they build a theory about the way in which things happen
[04:34.86]and the causes and effects.
[04:38.70]Finally,the scientists test the theory to seeif it matches what they have seen
[04:45.86]and if it can predict future events.
[04:50.12]If what they are observing can be tested in a practical way,
[04:55.08]scientists will use experiments.
[04:59.65]But if,like Hawking,
[05:03.73]they are studying something that is too large or too difficult to observe directly
[05:10.57]they will use a model to test the theory.
[05:14.93]People who listen to Hawking's lectures
[05:19.37]sometimes find it difficult to understand him,
[05:24.10]because his thoughts and ideas
[05:27.97]often seem as large as the universe he is trying to describe.
[05:33.82]The speech computer is not the problem.
[05:38.39]In fact,people who hear it often say it sounds just like a human voice.
[05:45.23]Hawking is happy with it, too.
[05:49.20]"The only trouble,"says Hawking,who is British,
[05:54.06]"is that it gives me an American accent."
[05:58.61]Integrating skills