美国食物浪费为什么最严重？（下）

If food is exposed to air when it’s breaking down, it at least has a chance of becoming compost.

如果食物在分解时暴露在空气中，那它至少有机会成为堆肥。

But when it breaks down in a landfill, something else happens, greenhouse gas.

不过，当食物在垃圾填埋场分解时，会产生温室气体。

It rots when it’s not exposed to oxygen like in a landfill state.

食物如同在垃圾填埋场一样，没有暴露在氧气下，就会腐烂。

And when it rots, it creates -- Because it’s so piled up?

当食物腐烂时会产生--因为堆积得太多了？

It’s so piled up, exactly.

对，堆积得太多了。

You pile it on top of each other so none of it is exposed to air.

食物会堆叠在一起，无法与空气接触。

And so it does the exact opposite of compost.

正好与堆肥相反。

It turns into methane, right?

堆积在田里的食物会变成甲烷，对吧？

You're having a festering methane pile that is 25 times more potent than CO2.

正在腐烂的甲烷堆积物，其效力是二氧化碳的25倍。

And that’s what we're seeing when we see those pipes that are sticking our on the landfills.

这就是我们看到的情形，我们看到那些随意放置在垃圾填埋场上的管道。

Those are to let out the methane？

这些是用来释放甲烷的吗?

Yes.

是。

King says so much food is thrown away because it’s relatively inexpensive in the U.S., and because use by dates are misleading.

金表示，这么多食物被扔掉，是因为这些食物在美国相对便宜，而且保质期非常具有误导性。

A lot of people don’t realize that expiration dates are not set by the U.S. government.

很多人没有意识到，保质期不是由美国政府设定的。

Baby formula is the only food product that actually has a mandated best by date.

婴儿配方奶粉是唯一一种真正强制设定保质期的食品。

Sometimes it says sell by, sometimes, it says best by, sometimes it just has a date.

有时食物上标的是“sell by(不能晚于某日期销售)”，有时标的是“best by（不要晚于某日期为最佳）”，有时只标个日期。

King says these dates describe how long the manufacturer guarantees the quality of the food rather than how safe it is to eat.

金表示，这些日期描述的是制造商保证食品质量的时间，而不是食品的食用安全程度。

There’s actually a labeling problem in the United States as well that people throw away things they think are bad.

实际上，美国也有标签问题，人们会把他们认为不好的食物扔掉。

Josh Dominguez is the founder and CEO of the company Flashfood.

乔什·多明格斯是FlashFood公司的创始人兼首席执行官。

It is not just the story of the big bad retailer, it’s also consumers.

这不仅仅是糟糕的大型零售商的故事，也是消费者的故事。

If we buy a watermelon and there is one on the shelf.

如果我们要买一个西瓜，但货架上只有一个。

As consumers, we assume it’s the worst one, so the grocer has to stock the shelves so that we get selection.

作为消费者，我们认为这个西瓜是最不好的一个，所以杂货商不得不在货架上多放些货，以便我们有选择的余地。

Domingues came up with an idea, save the perfectly edible food that is cold from supermarkets, like a nicked pepper or meat within three days of its state.

多明格斯想出了一个主意，把超市里冷藏的完全可食用的食物保留下来，比如缺口状态三天内的胡椒或肉类。

He created an app where customers across the Midwest and Eastern U. S, can buy today's deals and pick them up from special purple fridges.

他开发了一个应用程序，让美国中西部和东部的客户可以购买今天的优惠食物，并从特殊的紫色冰箱中取货。

Then in terms of the volume, we have diverted over 50 million pounds of food that would've likely end up in landfills.

就数量而言，我们已经送出了超过5000万磅的食物，而这些食物原本很可能会被送到垃圾填埋场。

Back at the Four Town farm, Eva Agudelo has another way of rescuing food.

回到四镇农场，伊娃·阿古德洛还有一种拯救食物的方法。

Her program gathers produce that remains in the field after harvest.

她的计划是收集收割后遗留在田里的农产品。

It’s a process called gleaning.

这是一个被称为拾遗穗的过程。

We’re already past probably about 400 pounds of corn.

我们已经捡拾起大约400多磅的玉米。

And we will probably get over 1,000 pounds.

我们可能将会捡拾起1000多镑的玉米。

Last year, they saved up to 250,000 pounds of food and donated it to hunger relief.

去年，他们收集了多达25万磅的食物，并将其捐赠了给饥饿救济机构。

It’s an old one solution to a modern problem.

这是一种解决现代问题的老办法。

Gleaning is actually in the Old Testament in the Book of Ruth.

拾遗穗在《旧约》的《路得记》中都有记载。

So it goes back thousands of years.

这种方法可以追溯到几千年前。

It’ not new tech?

这不是新技术吗？

It sure is not.

当然不是。

No.

不是。

People like, how did you come up with this idea?

人们喜欢问，你是怎么想出这个主意的？

And I'm like, I really did not.

然后我就说，真的不是我想的。

For “PBS News Weekend,” I'm Isabella Jibilian in Providence, Rhode Island.

这里是“PBS周末新闻”，我是伊莎贝拉·吉比连，在罗德岛为您报道。