ChatGPT创始人呼吁加强AI监管(中)

So, the question of the day, can A.I. be successfully regulated?

今天的问题是，能成功监管人工智能吗？

Many agreed there should be some governmental body to establish global rules and norms, even issuing or revoking licenses to A.I. systems.

许多人认同应建立一些政府机构来制定全球规则与标准，甚至可以颁发或吊销人工智能系统的许可证。

I would form a new agency that licenses any effort above a certain scale of capabilities, and can take that license away and ensure compliance with safety standards.

我将成立一个新机构，它可以对任何超过一定能力范围的努力颁发许可，也可以取消其许可，确保其符合安全标准。

But some lawmakers doubt they have the knowledge to even handle it.

但一些议员怀疑他们是否有足够的知识来处理这个问题。

The magnitude of the challenge you're giving us is substantial.

你们给我们带来的挑战是巨大的。

I'm not sure that we respond quickly and with enough expertise to deal with it.

我不确定我们的反应是否迅速，是否有足够的专业知识来应对。

Gary Marcus, a leading voice in A.I., emphasized the need for an international body like those that regulate nuclear research.

人工智能领域的领军人物加里·马库斯强调，有必要成立一个像核研究监管机构那样的国际机构。

Ultimately, we may need something like CERN, global, international and neutral, but focused on A.I. safety, rather than high-energy physics.

最终，我们可能需要像“欧洲核子研究组织”这样的全球性、国际性、中立的机构，但这个机构专注的是人工智能的安全，而非高能物理。

While he supports regulation, Altman warns that it should not stunt the benefits of this new technology.

虽然阿尔特曼支持进行监管，但他也警告称，这不应该妨碍这项新技术带来的好处。

I think it's important that any -- any new approach, any new law does not stop the innovation from happening with smaller companies, open-source models, researchers that are doing work at a smaller scale.

我想重要的是，任何新方法、新法律都无法阻止小公司、代码公开模式以及小规模研究人员的创新。

That's a wonderful part of this ecosystem and of America. We don't want to slow that down.

这是美国生态系统的美好部分。我们不想让它慢下来。

And joining me now is one of those who testified before the Senate today.

现在与我连线的是今天在参议院作证的议员之一。

Gary Marcus is the co-author of "Rebooting A.I."

加里·马库斯是《重启人工智能》一书的合著者。

Gary, thank you so much for being here.

加里，非常感谢你能参加我们的节目。

Before we get into the dangers of A.I. that you laid out before the Senate today, I know that you have said that you have loved A.I. since you were a little kid, and you see some remarkable potential for this technology for humanity. Make that case for A.I. first.

在我们讨论你今天在参议院陈述的人工智能的危险之前，你说过，你从小就喜欢人工智能，你看到了这项技术对人类的巨大潜力。那么，先谈谈人工智能吧。

Well, I love it as a cognitive scientist. I have studied how children learn language for a lot of my career. And it's just a fascinating intellectual question to solve it.

作为一名认知学家，我很喜欢人工智能。在我的职业生涯中，我一直在研究儿童是如何学习语言的。这是一个有待解决的、令人着迷的智能问题。

But, also, there's a potential, I think, to revolutionize science and medicine to help us solve things that we can't solve on our own., for example, molecular biology, has tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of molecules in the body.

但同时，我认为，这也可能会让科学和医学发生革命性的变化，帮助我们解决我们自己无法解决的问题。例如，分子生物学，人体内有着数万或数十万个分子。

No one human can understand that.

没有人类可以弄清楚这个问题。

A.I. might really revolutionize medicine. It might also help us with climate change.

人工智能可能会彻底改变医学，还可能会帮助我们应对气候变化。

We might be able to build eldercare robots that help us with the upcoming demographic inversion, where we have more elderly people than young people, to take care of them.

我们也许能够制造老年护理机器人来帮助我们应对即将到来的人口结构逆转，即，老年人口多于年轻人口的问题。

So, there are lots of practical implications.

因此，有很多实际意义。

And it's also just cool. It's just interesting for anybody who's grown up on science fiction books, written computer programs, and so forth.

对那些看科幻小说长大的人、写计算机程序的人以及其他人来说，这很酷、也很有趣。

So, I have always been interested in it, and I would like to see it succeed.

我一直对这项技术很感兴趣，我希望看到它成功。