纹身墨水如何危及美国人健康？(下)

[00:00.08]In your practice, have you seen with the increase of the number of people who have tattoos?

在你行医中，有没有发现纹身人数在增加?

[00:04.23]Have you seen an increase in the number of people coming in with complications?

你有没有发现出现并发症的人数在增加?

[00:07.74]Yeah, we have seen an increase in the complications, but is probably, you know, reflective of just the increase in the number of patients getting tattoos.

是，我们已经发现并发症患者的增加，但是，这可能只是反映了纹有纹身的患者人数在增加。

[00:16.00]So overall, I don't know if the percentage of people getting complications has changed.

总的来说，我不知道并发症患者的比例是否发生了变化。

[00:19.83]We've definitely seen an uptick over the last few years.

在过去的几年里，我们确实看到了小幅增长。

[00:22.79]Then talk about the ink because as I say that it's not regulated in the United States, the EU, the European Union has banned some ingredients.

接着谈谈纹身墨水，因为正如我所说，纹身墨水在美国不受监管，但欧盟已经禁止使用其中一些成分。

[00:31.11]What do we know about what's in the ink in the United States?

我们对美国纹身墨水的成分了解多少?

[00:35.14]Well, unfortunately, you know very little about what's in the ink in the United States, because it isn't regulated.

不幸的是，你对美国的纹身墨水知之甚少，因为其不受监管。

[00:39.94]Now they can use absolutely anything.

现在可以使用任何成分的纹身墨水。

[00:41.85]There's actually no ink that is FDA approved for injection into the skin.

实际上没有一种纹身墨水被美国食品及药物管理局批准可以注射到皮肤里。

[00:45.68]And I think that's the main problem.

我认为这是主要问题。

[00:47.43]I think it'd be a lot better if they were able to standardize it and get rid of like the EU did some of the steps could potentially be harmful, and limited to a handful of them.

我认为，如果美国食品及药物管理局能够像欧盟那样定出标准，并取消一些可能有害的步骤，限制少数几种可以使用，那么情况会好得多。

[00:56.32]And the FDA is put out proposed guidelines. Is that enough?

美国食品及药物管理局也提出了指导方针。这就够了吗?

[01:00.87]Yeah. I mean, I think some set of guidelines would be fine.

是。我认为确定一些指导方针会很好。

[01:02.95]That should be a working base to start with, and then we can go down the road, but I do think that's would be very helpful to help regulate the tattoo industry.

这应该是一个工作基础，然后我们可以沿着这条路走下去，不过，我确实认为这将有助于帮助规范纹身行业。

[01:10.21]And that Pew survey that we talked about at the in the introduction, about a quarter of the people who do have at least one tattoo said they regret it.

我们在介绍部分谈到的皮尤调查显示，至少有一个纹身的人中，约有四分之一的人表示后悔纹身。

[01:18.46]How is tattoo removal, but how does that work? And have you seen a lot of people coming in asking for that?

如何去除纹身，但这是怎么操作的呢? 你有没有见过很多人进来问这个问题？

[01:25.45]Well, sure, and that's where we see mostly, you know, patients coming in who do regret it and in the numbers vary from,

嗯，当然，我们看到大多数患者来医院表示后悔做了纹身，而且这一数字也有所差别，

[01:30.92]you know, there's one study that showed 78 percent that people regretted it, some say 40, you know, and at NIH one (ph) and one by tattoo artists only showed 2 percent regretting. So the numbers vary.

有一项研究表明78%的人后悔做纹身，一些研究表明这一数字是40%，国家卫生研究所的研究以及纹身艺术家的一项研究表明只有2%的人后悔。这些数字各不相同。

[01:40.84]How we remove them is with lasers.

去除纹身的方法是用激光。

[01:42.79]These days, we've got a lot of different lasers, the new picosecond lasers work much better than our older lasers.

现在，我们有很多不同的激光仪器，新的皮秒激光器比我们旧的激光器工作得更好。

[01:49.19]And I think if someone's getting a tattoo removed, make sure they go to a board certified dermatologist who's got some of these high tech lasers, and not just some mom and pop shop that may have the millisecond lasers, which could actually cause some harm.

我认为，如果有人要去掉纹身，一定要去找获得认证的皮肤科医生，这些医生使用的是一些高科技激光仪器，而不是去找使用毫秒级激光仪器的夫妻店，这实际上可能会造成一些伤害。

[02:02.63]You said earlier that you tend to see the patients who have problems come in.

你之前说过你往往会看到有问题的病人来就诊。

[02:06.54]But if a patient were to come in and say and say to you, I'm thinking about getting a tattoo, what would be your advice?

但是如果一个病人来跟你说，我想去纹身，你会给我什么建议?

[02:14.00]Yeah, I mean, I guess the same thing is like tell the my family members, be sure he wants a tattoo and know that there are some complications that can happen with it and also know that it's going to hurt a lot more and cost a lot more to remove that tattoo than it is to get the tattoo placed in first time.

我的意思是，我想就像告诉我的家人一样，确定他想要纹身，让他了解纹身可能会有一些并发症，而且要知道去除纹身会更疼，比首次纹身要花更多的钱。

[02:30.14]Dermatologic surgeon Thomas Rohrer. Thank you very much.

皮肤科外科医生托马斯·罗勒，非常感谢。

[02:33.75]My pleasure. Thank you.

我的荣幸。谢谢！