伊朗用于审查互联网的技术(上)

This is 60-Second Science. I'm Tulika Bose.

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学系列，我是图利卡·博斯。

Iranians have been fiercely and relentlessly protesting against their government.

伊朗人一直在不屈不挠地强烈抗议政府。

This was sparked by the death of a 22-year old Kurdish woman named Mahsa Amini who died in the custody of the country's "morality police."

引发抗议的原因是一名22岁的库尔德女性玛莎·艾米妮在该国“道德警察”的监管下死亡。

The demonstrations have been led by young women, who refused to accept restrictive laws like hijab requirements, but authorities have been cracking down with violence, arrests, and with surveillance.

示威活动由年轻女性领导，她们拒绝接受像是要求佩戴头巾这样的限制性法律，但当局一直在用暴力、逮捕和监视来镇压。

I'm here with Sophie Bushwick, our tech editor at Scientific American.

我现在和《科学美国人》的技术编辑苏菲·布什维克在一起。

Sophie interviewed Amir Rashidi, who is the director of digital rights and security at Miaan Group, an Austin, Texas based advocacy organization working to improve human rights in Iran.

苏菲采访了阿米尔·拉希迪，阿米尔是Miaan Group(总部位于德克萨斯州首府奥斯汀的倡导组织)的数字权利和安全主管，致力于改善伊朗的人权问题。

Hey, Sophie.

嘿, 索菲娅。

Hi.

嗨。

Sophie, so how did you find this story?

索菲娅, 你是怎么发现这个情况的?

I had heard that some protesters in Iran were worried about the government using facial recognition.

我听说伊朗的一些抗议者担心政府使用面部识别。

And I reached out to Amir to just ask them about this technology in particular, but what I learned is that the use of technology for suppression in Iran goes way beyond facial recognition.

我联系了阿米尔，专门询问了他们关于这项技术的问题，但我了解到伊朗使用技术进行镇压远远超出了面部识别。

In fact, the government is actively trying to create its own nationwide intranet that would be separate from the global Internet and allow it to maintain much stricter control over what its citizens can see on the internet.

事实上，伊朗政府正在积极尝试创建自己的国家内联网，这个内联网将从全球互联网中分离出来，并允许内联网对公民在互联网上浏览的内容保持更严格的控制。

Do you think that has any ramifications in the near future?

你认为这在不久的将来会有什么影响吗?

So within Iran, what I learned is that the government has been interested in this intranet project for a while, but there hasn't been a lot of adoption, in part because people know that the government is really interested in surveillance and censorship.

我了解到伊朗政府对这个内联网项目感兴趣有一段时间了，但这个项目还没有被广泛采用，部分原因是人们清楚该国政府对监视和审查感兴趣。

It's not just a matter of creating their own servers, they need their own data centers, and they need their own proprietary apps.

这不仅仅是创建他们自己的服务器的问题，他们需要自己的数据中心，并且需要自己专有的应用程序。

They've shut down access to WhatsApp, they don't want people to be communicating with the outside world or to have access to that kind of information.

他们已经关闭了对WhatsApp（通讯应用程序）的访问，他们不希望人们与外部世界交流，也不希望人们能够访问这种信息。

So what they've instead suggested is they're trying to push citizens to adopt nationwide apps, and the nationwide intranet.

因此，他们转而提出的建议是，努力推动公民采用全国性的应用程序以及全国性的内联网。

They've done things like making the nationwide intranet cheaper and faster than accessing the global Internet.

他们做了一些事情，比如让全国性的内联网比接入全球互联网更便宜、更快。