重大突破--猪肾成功移植入人体(4)

The University of Alabama just did another kidney transplant experiment that lasted a week.

阿拉巴马大学刚刚又做了一个肾脏移植实验，时间持续了一周。

But this one has been going for more than a month, and they just got approval to extend the experiment for up to another month.

但这个实验已经进行了一个多月了，而且他们刚刚得到批准，可以将这个实验再延长一个月。

Back in early 2022, a team at the University of Maryland transplanted a pig heart into a living person—a man named David Bennett.

早在2022年初，马里兰大学的一个研究小组就将一颗猪的心脏移植到了一个活人身上——这个接受移植的人叫大卫·贝内特。

Bennett lived for two months with the new organ, but ultimately it failed and he passed away.

贝内特用这个新器官活了两个月，但最终还是以失败告终，他去世了。

The exact reason for the failure is still unclear, but a previously undetected pig virus may have played a role.

失败的确切原因尚不清楚，但一种以前从未被发现的猪病毒可能起了某种作用。

So there's still, you know, a lot of mystery in terms of what happened.

关于发生了什么，仍然存在很多谜团。

But what we do know is the heart suddenly stopped working.

但我们知道的是，心脏突然停止了工作。

One of the things that was present at that time was an infection, a virus called cytomegalovirus, CMV, that came from the pig and stayed in the pig tissue and never infected any of the human tissue or cells.

当时存在一种感染, 感染是由巨细胞病毒(CMV)造成的，这种病毒来自猪，并停留在猪组织中，从未感染过任何人类组织或细胞。

But we know from decades of primate work, when the organ…when the pig heart is infected with that virus, that it causes the heart to start to go rapidly downhill.

不过，我们从几十年的灵长类动物研究中了解到，当猪的器官--猪的心脏感染了这种病毒，会导致心脏开始迅速坏死。

So, we think that played a role, but there also appeared to be some rejection as well.

我们认为这种病毒起到了某些作用，但似乎也存在某些器官排斥。

Montgomery and his team take these risks seriously.

蒙哥马利和他的团队高度重视这些风险。

They have developed a more accurate test to screen for pig viruses, and they monitor the recipient and anyone who comes into contact with them very closely.

他们已经开发出了一种更准确的检测方法来筛查猪病毒，并对器官受赠人以及病毒密切接触者进行监测。

Decedent experiments like the one they are currently doing will be crucial to showing the FDA that these pig organs are safe and effective enough for clinical trials in living people.

他们目前正在进行的是死人实验，这对于向食品药品监督管理局证明将猪器官移植到活人体内的临床试验是安全有效的至关重要。

NYU hopes to be one of the first sites to participate in such a trial.

纽约大学希望成为首批参与此类试验的院校之一。

For Montgomery, it’s a personal mission as much as a professional one.

对蒙哥马利来说，这既是一项个人任务，也是一项职业任务。

As I laid for a month in the ICU waiting for a human organ, it came even more clearly into focus that this is what I needed to devote the rest of my life to.

当我在重症监护室躺了一个月，等待人体器官移植时，我更加清楚地意识到，这就是我需要为之奉献余生的事业。

I kind of feel like I'm living on borrowed time anyway.

不管怎么说，我觉得我是在靠借来的时间生活。

And this, has become the thing that I really feel is a chance at really changing the future in a really significant way for all the people who…I share their level of, of desperation, you know, and understand it, when you're waiting for a transplant, it's a really extremely vulnerable and difficult position to be in.

我真的觉得这是一个改变未来的机会，对所有的人来说，这是一个非常重要的方式，我和他们一样绝望，并且理解这种绝望，当你在等待移植时，这是一个非常脆弱和困难的处境。

Science, Quickly is produced by Tulika Bose, Jeff DelViscio, Kelso Harper, Carin Leong and me.

《科学快播》由我和图利卡·博斯、杰夫·德尔维西奥、凯尔索·哈珀以及卡林·梁制作。

It’s edited by Elah Feder and Alexa Lim. Our music is composed by Dominic Smith.

本节目文字由依拉·菲德尔和亚莉克莎·林编辑。本节目音乐由多米尼克·史密斯创作。

Subscribe wherever you get your podcasts.

无论你在哪里收听播客，都要记得订阅。

If you like the show, give us a rating or review!

如果你喜欢这个节目，请为我们评分、留下评论!

For Science, Quickly, I’m Tanya Lewis.

感谢收听《科学快播》，我是塔尼娅·刘易斯。