鳄鱼的错觉 The cod delusion

Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English, the programme in which we discuss something from the news and teach you a few useful words and phrases on the way!I’m Neil and joining me today is Rosie.Hi Rosie.
大家好，欢迎参与六分钟英语节目，这个环节我们将讨论来自新闻的一些内容，并教大家学习一些有用的词汇和短语。我是Neil，今天和我一起讨论的是Rosie。你好，Rosie
Hi Neil.
你好，Neil
We’ve got a story about naming things this week.
这周我们关注的是一个关于命名的故事。
Yes, you know how streets or buildings are often named after a famous or successful person from the past.
的确，你知道有相当一部分街道和建筑物以过去的名人或成功人士的名字命名。
Here at the BBC in London there is a part of the building called the ‘Peel Wing’, named after a famous radio presenter called John Peel.He also used to have a show on the World Service.Can you give us another example, Rosie?
伦敦BBC大厦的一部分叫做"Peel Wing"，是以一个叫做John Peel的著名电台播音员的名字命名。他过去常常出现在World Service这一档节目中。你能列举出其他例子吗，Rosie？
I like Liverpool John Lennon Airport because normally streets and buildings are named after rather boring old figures from history who no-one really cares about any more.John Lennon who had a big cultural impact on the world we live in today.
我喜欢利物浦的约翰列侬机场，因为街道和建筑物常常以历史中的名人为命名，而人们对这些人一点都不感兴趣。而约翰列侬对我们现在生活中的文化都有重要影响。
Well, our story today is about a rather unusual thing to be named after a well-known person.
好的，我们今天的故事就与以名人的名字命名的非常不平凡的东西有关。
Not a street, building or an airport but a fish!
不是街道，建筑物或是机场，而是一条鱼。
That’s right,but before we get onto that we have our quiz questions.Are you ready?
没错但是在我们了解这个故事之前，我们先看看测试的问题。你准备好了吗？
Yes I am.
准备好了。
Well, I’ve already mentioned John Lennon and I am a massive Beatles fan,so it’s a perfect excuse for a Beatles-related question.It’s a really easy one.What was the Beatles first UK number 1 hit?a) Love Me Do.b) Please Please Me.c) Yellow Submarine.
好的，刚才提过了约翰列侬，我是披头士的超级粉丝。这真是提出关于披头士问题的完美借口。这问题相当简单。披头士第一支全英销量第一的单曲是什么？Love me doPlease Please meYellow Submarine
I think it was a) Love Me Do.
我想应该是 Love Me Do
We’ll find out at the end of the programme.So, we are talking about naming things after famous people.This week, the British biologist, Richard Dawkins has had a fish named after him.
在今天的环节结束时会公布答案。我们讨论以名人的姓名命名的故事。本周，英国的生物学家Richard Dawkins 以其名字命名了一条鱼。
Richard Dawkins is a well-known atheist.
Richard Dawkins是非常著名的无神论者。
Atheists think that God or gods don’t exist.
无神论者认为不存在上帝。
Dawkins is an expert in evolutionary sciencevery simply,that’s the science based on Charles Darwin’s theory that animalsand plants developed slowly over time rather than were created by a God or higher power.
Dawkins是进化学方面的专家非常简单进化学是基于Charles Darwin的理论认为动植物是经过长期缓慢的进化，而非上帝或更大力量创造。
And to recognise this work he’s done,he’s had a species or type of fish named after him.But he’s not the first famous person to have an unusual thing named after him.Listen to the first clip from the BBC’s Beth McLeod to find out who else has had strange things named in their honour.
为了证明他的研究他以自己的名字命名了一种鱼。然而，他不是第一个以自己名字命名不寻常事物的名人。通过听来自BBC的Beth McLeod的第一段录音，找到还有谁以自己的名字命名了奇怪的事物。
Nelson Mandela has a species of spider named after him and there’s a group of crustaceans named after the singer Bob Marley.Now the British biologist and atheist Richard Dawkins is the latest public figure to lend his name to a living organism.A Sri Lankan scientist Rohan Pethiyagoda has identified a new genus of fish and called it Dawkinsia in recognition,he says, of the contribution to evolutionary science that Dawkins has made.
Nelson Mandela以自己的名字命名了一种蜘蛛。歌手Bob Marley命名了一种甲壳纲动物。目前为止，英国生物学家及无神论者Richard Dawkins是最近一个用自己名字命名一种生物的公众人物。斯里兰卡的一名科学家Rohan Pethiyagoda发现了一种新型的鱼种，并称之为Dawkinsia。他认为，这是基于Dawkins对进化科学的贡献。
The reggae singer Bob Marley had a group of crustaceans named after him.Crustaceans are animals which live in water and have a shell,such as crabs and lobsters.
一组甲壳纲动物以雷鬼教父Bob Marley的名字命名。甲壳纲动物是生活在水中，并有壳的动物。比如螃蟹和龙虾。
And Nelson Mandela has had a spider named after him.So Rosie, what is this fish called that Richard Dawkins has given his name to?
Nelson Mandela 以自己名字命名了一种蜘蛛。Rosie,这种以Richard Dawkins命名的鱼叫什么？
It’s called ‘Dawkinsia’.It’s a strange sort of an honour isn’t it?I’m not sure how I’d react!
叫做Dawkinsia这是一种特殊的荣誉，不是吗？我不知道该怎么回答了
Me neither,but let’s hear how Richard Dawkins himself took the news of his honour.He uses a word which means that living or lasting forever.What is it?
我也一样。但我们想知道Richard Dawkins面对这种荣誉时的反应。他用了一个词来形容，这个词用来形容永远活着或生存下去。是什么词？
“Well I’m delighted,it’s a great honour.It’s a kind of immortality and it’s a delightful little fish and so I’m really very pleased.My whole life is devoted to extolling the beauty and wonder of the living world.And Dr. Pethiyagoda in his paper very kindly paid tribute to that.”
我很开心，这是很大的荣誉这是种不朽，这是种让人愉悦的小鱼，我非常乐意。我的整个人生都致力于赞美生物世界的美好和奇妙。Pethiyagoda博士在其论文中也肯定了这一点。
He said it’s a kind of immortality.
他认为，这是不朽的一种形式。
Living or lasting forever –He also said that his whole life has been devoted to extolling the beauty and wonder of the living world.
永远活着或存在他也认为，他的整个生命都致力于赞美生物世界的美好和奇妙。
Extolling.He means praising the beauty of the living world.
赞美他认为是赞颂生物世界的美好
But fish are just fish,aren’t they Rosie?I mean they can’t really be described as beautiful.
但是鱼只是鱼对吗，Rosie我的意思是它们确实不能被描述为美好。
What do you mean?!Fish can be really beautiful.And these ones that Richard Dawkins has had named after him sound like they are particularly attractive to the opposite sex.
你的意思呢？鱼确实可以非常美丽。这些以Richard Dawkins命名的鱼据说对异性有特殊的吸引。
But what is it that makes them attractive?Listen to the final part of this BBC report and see if you can hear.
是什么使它们彼此吸引？仔细听BBC报告的最后一部分，看是否能发现。
Four species of fish are currently recognised as belonging to the Dawkinsia group.They live in freshwater and are notable for the long filaments trailing from their finswhich makes them more attractive to the opposite sex.The researchers were studying a group of fish known as Puntius,and decided to re-classify them after discovering that they were far more diverse than previously thought.Dr Pethiyagoda wants the name to remind people of Dawkins’ writings about evolution which he says seek to explain the unimaginable diversity of life on earth.
有四种鱼在现在被认为是属于Dawkinsia种类。这些鱼生活在淡水中，以鳍中长出的长细丝著称。这些长细丝使异性互相吸引。研究人员正在研究被称为Puntius的一组鱼。在发现这些鱼比之前想象的种类远远要多之后，决定重新对它们进行分类。Pethiyagoda博士希望通过命名可以提醒人们记住 Dawkins那些关于试图解释地球上物种不可思议的多样性的进化论著作。
They are notable for the long filaments from their fins.
这些鱼以鱼鳍中长出的长细须著称。
Filaments are thin wires or threads.Well OK then, I suppose if a fish is going to be named after you,this one sounds like it is quite attractiveto other fish at least.OK Rosie, let’s finish off with our quiz question about the Beatles…
长细须是细线或细丝。好的，我猜想如果一条鱼以你的名字命名，那么这条鱼应该听起来对其他鱼很有吸引力。好的，Rosie，让我们结束测试中关于披头士的问题。
Yes, you asked me what the Beatles first number 1 hit single was in the UK.
是的，你问我关于披头士的第一支全英销量第一的单曲是哪首
The options were:a) Love Me Do.b) Please Please Me.c) Yellow Submarine.
选项是Love Me DoPlease Please MeYellow Submarine
And I said a) Love Me Do.
我认为是Love Me Do
And you were wrong.
答错了
That’s all we have time for.
这就是今天的内容。
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