我们的血液 Blood

Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Callum.
大家好，欢迎收听BBC六分钟英语。我是Callum。
And I’m Jennifer.
我是Jennifer。
Now Jennifer, how squeamish are you?
对了Jennifer，你平常会感到恶心吗？
Squeamish?
恶心？
Yes, squeamish. For example, how do you feel when you see blood?
对啊，恶心。比如说，当你看到血的时候，你有什么感觉？
Well it depends on whether it’s mine or not! But generally I don’t have a problem with the sight of blood, why?
那得看是不是我的血了。但是通常来讲，我不会晕血。为什么问这个问题啊？
Well the topic of today’s programme is blood and in particular how in some countries, particularly in Asia, your blood type can play an important part in your life.Do you know what your blood group, also called your blood type, is?
因为我们今天的节目就和血液有关。让我们一起看看在某些国家，特别是在亚洲，血型是如何在人们的生活中发挥重要作用的。Jennifer，你知道你是什么血型么？
I think that I’m blood type O but I can’t remember for sure. Do you know?
O型吧，但是我不确定。你呢？什么血型啊？
Er, I haven’t the foggiest idea what my blood type is. Do you actually know what the main groups are though?
呃，我也不知道我是什么血型。你知道血型一共有多少种吗？
Well I certainly know that O is one of them and I think A too. Erm, not sure about the rest.
我敢肯定O型是其中一种，A型，我觉得也是吧。其他的我就不确定了。
Well there’s A, AB, B and O are the four main classifications. I mean I’m no doctor, no scientist but that’s what I understand are the main classifications.And before we explore this topic a little more here’s your question.When were these four blood groups first classified with the names, A, AB, B and O? Was it: 1899, 1909, 1919 or 1929
好吧，血型一共有A、AB、B、O四个主要类型。但我也不是医生，又不是科学家，所以我就知道那么多了。在我们进一步讨论这个话题之前，来看看今天的问题。这四种血型是何时第一次被分类并命名为A、AB、B、O的呢？是1899年，1909年，1919年，还是1929年呢？
Well I imagine they’ve been around for quite some time so I will say 1899.
我觉得时间应该比较早吧，所以我选1899年。
OK, we’ll find out if you’re right at the end of the programme.
好，节目最后我们将揭晓答案，看看你答对了没有。
World Service colleague Ruth Evans has made a fascinating programme about the topic of blood groups and how they are used by some people in Japan.Here she is describing the importance of blood groups. Of course blood and blood groups are important in medicine and science, but what other areas does she say blood groups can influence? Here’s Ruth Evans.
世界服务同事Ruth Evans做了一个好看的节目，主要谈论了血型及其对日本人的影响。节目里她强调了血型的重要性。血液和血型在医学和科学领域当然很重要，那么在其他领域它们又会有那些影响呢？一起来听听Ruth Evans怎么说。
Here in Japan blood isn’t just important for medicine and science, it’s also got big implications for life, work and love.
在日本，血液不仅仅对医学和科学很重要，而且对生活、工作和爱情来说意义也很重大。
So Jennifer, as well as medicine and science, what else can blood type influence?
Jennifer，除了医学和科学，血型还能对什么产生影响呢？
She says that blood can be important to life, work and love. I can see how blood is important to life – we all need blood – but I’m not sure how it is connected to work and love.
Ruth Evans说，血型对生活、工作和爱情也很重要。要说它对生活重要，我可以理解，因为我们每个人都需要血液。但是血型和工作、爱情有什么联系，我就不确定了。
Well let’s listen to a bit more from Ruth, she goes on to explain the connection.
那我们再听听下面的内容，Ruth会给我们解释到底有什么联系。
Here in Japan blood isn’t just important for medicine and science, it’s also got big implications for life, work and love.“What’s your blood type?” is often a key question in everything from matchmaking to getting a job.
在日本，血液不仅仅对医学和科学很重要，而且对生活、工作和爱情来说意义也很重大。从谈恋爱到找工作，“你是什么血型”这一问题都很重要。
She says “What’s your blood type?” is a key question. What does she mean by that – a ‘key’ question?
她说“你是什么血型”这个问题是个key question。key question是什么意思呢？
A ‘key’ question is an important question. She says blood type is important to ‘matchmaking and getting a job’.
Key question就是很重要的问题。她的意思是，血型对matchmaking和找工作都很重要。
Matchmaking?
Matchmaking？这又是什么意思？
Yes, finding a boyfriend or girlfriend.
恩，是交男朋友（女朋友）的意思。
Mmm, not very romantic is it? You can imagine the situation, you’re out a bar, you meet someone, you say: “Hi, would you like a drink? Would you like to dance? What’s your blood type? ”
啊，好像不怎么浪漫哈。你来想象一下，你走出酒吧，碰到一个人，你对他说“嗨，你想喝一杯吗？想跳支舞吗？对了，你是什么血型啊？”
Well I’ve definitely never had that chat-up line before. It’s not really very romantic, no.
呵呵，我确定我以前从来没那样和别人搭讪过。真的非常不浪漫。
Let’s listen to some more of Ruth who explains why blood types are important.
让我们再多听一点，看看Ruth是怎样解释血型的重要性的。
“What’s your blood type?” is often a key question in everything from matchmaking to getting a job.A person’s blood type is popularly believed to determine temperament and personality.
从谈恋爱到找工作，“你是什么血型”这一问题都很重要。大多数人认为，一个人的血型可以决定其气质和个性。
She says that blood type is popularly believed to determine temperament and personality. Tell us about temperament.
Ruth说，大多数人认为，一个人的血型可以决定其性格。给我们讲讲性格是怎么回事。
Your temperament describes your natural character – whether you are usually cheerful, pessimistic, friendly, reserved, outgoing and so on.And Ruth says that in Japan blood type is popularly believed to determine – or decide – your temperament. I think the phrase ‘popularly believed’ is interesting here.
性格是指一个人的本性，比如开朗、悲观、友好、保守、外向等等，这些都叫做性格。而且Ruth说在日本大多数人认为，一个人的血型可以决定其性格。我觉得‘popularly believed’ 这个词组很有意思。
Why’s that?
为什么这样说呢？
Well if you say that something is ‘popularly believed’ it means that it’s not a proven scientific fact – it’s just something that a lot of people believe, even if there is no real evidence for it.
如果你说什么事情是‘popularly believed’，那也就意味着这个事情还没有得到科学证实。仅仅是大多数人这样认为而已，根本就没有真实的证据。
Let’s listen to all of Ruth again.
那我们再把Ruth说的话全都听一遍吧。
Here in Japan blood isn’t just important for medicine and science, it’s also got big implications for life, work and love.“What’s your blood type?” is often a key question in everything from matchmaking to getting a job.A person’s blood type is popularly believed to determine temperament and personality.
在日本，血液不仅仅对医学和科学很重要，而且对生活、工作和爱情来说意义也很重大。从谈恋爱到找工作，“你是什么血型”这一问题都很重要。大多数人认为，一个人的血型可以决定其性格。
Do you think there is something to this? Do you think your blood type can determine your personality?
你觉得真是这样吗？你认为你的血型可以决定你的性格吗？
I think it’s a really interesting question. I think it could be possible. What about you? What do you think?
我觉得这个问题很有趣。或许吧，血型真的可以决定性格。你呢？你怎样看待这个问题？
Do you want a diplomatic answer?
你想让我用外交辞令回答吗？
Oh, yes, I think that’s best!
是啊，那最好了。
Personally I’m a sceptic. I find it hard to believe that my character could be determined by the blood that flows around my body.But then I don’t believe in astrology either – that the position of the stars and planets in the sky when you are born can determine your temperament or personality.It seems to me these are quite similar theories, neither of which has any scientific background – yet are popularly believed in different parts of the world.
恩，我个人是个怀疑论者。我很难相信我的性格是由我身体里流动着的血液所决定的。而且我也不相信星座，我不认为出生时恒星和行星在天空中的位置可以决定一个人的性格。对我而言，血型和星座是很相似的理论，哪个都没有科学依据，但是在世界不同地区，却被很多人相信。
Anyway, it’s nearly time for us to go – but before that it’s time to get the answer to this week’s question.The question was: In what year were blood groups described with the groupings A, AB, B and O?
不管怎样，节目已经接近尾声了。我们来看看本期问题的答案吧。问题是：A,AB,B和O四种血型是在哪一年被这样命名的呢？
And Jennifer you chose?
Jennifer，你选哪个来着？
1899
1899年。
And the correct answer was, in fact, actually, 1909. But just a stab in the dark, you were right it was quite, quite early on.
正确答案应该是1909年。但当时还只是试着这样称呼。你说的对，应该早点这样称呼才对。
For now, that’s all from this week’s 6 Minute English. Thank you very much Jennifer.
好了，以上就是本期BBC六分钟英语的全部内容。非常感谢你Jennifer。
You’re welcome
不客气。
Goodbye.
再见。
Bye.
再见。