英国的年轻人，清醒吧 Young, British and sober

Welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Rob…
欢迎来到BBC6分钟英语。我是Rob。
…and hello, I’m Neil.
呃，大家好，我是Neil。
Hello Neil. Today we’re talking about the increase in the number of young people who have decided not to drink alcohol.
你好Neil。今天我们讨论的是决定不再喝酒的年轻人数量增加的话题。
We’re particularly talking about young people in the UK – teenagers and people in their early twenties. In some countries, drinking is not a big issue, but in Britain, we’re seeing a change in attitude – in other words, a change in people’s beliefs and behaviour.
我们尤其要谈论下英国的年轻人--青少年和二十出头的人。在有些国家，喝酒没什么大不了，但在英国，态度却有些变化--换句话说，人们的信仰和行为发生了改变。
Now, I started to drink alcohol in my mid-teens. It made me feel grown-up and helped me let my hair down at parties. It didn’t always taste good though! What about you Neil – when did you start drinking?
我在十几岁的时候就开始喝酒了。这让我觉得自己长大了，让我在聚会的时候很放松。但它喝上去感觉并不总是好的！你呢Neil，你什么时候开始喝酒的？
Just like you Rob, I started drinking in my mid-teens, I’d say. It’s a big part of the British social life I would say.
和你一样，我也是十几岁的时候开始喝的。我觉得这是英国人社交生活中很大的一部分。
Yes, and you’ve never stopped?
是的，你中间就没停止喝酒过吗？
Not to this minute!
直到现在！
Well, teenagers in the UK may have had a reputation – they were known for binge drinking. That means drinking lots of alcohol and very quickly. But as we’ll hear, that image is changing. And we’ll be looking at some vocabulary around the topic of drinking - but not before I give you Neil a question to stew over.
现在英国的青少年们或许应经名声在外了--他们因饮酒过度而为人所知。那是说又快又多的喝酒。但就像我们将听到的，那种景象正在改变。我们将会看一下围绕喝酒这个话题相关的一些词汇。但在此之前我要给你一个问题“炖一下”。
’To stew over’! You mean to think about – so go on, let’s have it.
“炖一下”！你的意思是说要思考一下了--来吧，让我回答。
OK, well, alcoholic drinks can be measured in units. This gives drinkers a guide to how much they’ve consumed – or drunk. Drinking too many units of alcohol can be bad for your health. So how well do you know your units Neil? Do you know how many units there are in a typical bottle of wine? Is it: a) 8 b) 10 c) 13
好的，含酒饮料使用单位来衡量的。这给饮酒者一个指导，了解他们已经消费--或者说已经喝掉了多少酒。饮酒太多对身体有害。你知道自己的酒量是多少吗？你知道通常一瓶酒有多少吗？是：a) 8个b) 10个c) 13个
I am going to go for 13. I’m pretty confident about this one.
我选13，对于这个问题我很有把握。
Unlucky for some, but we’ll find out if you are right or wrong later on. Did you know the UK National Health Service recommends that a man should not drink more than 3 or 4 units of alcohol a day, and for women it’s 2 or 3 units?
有些不幸，我们一会告诉你回答的对错与否。你知道英国的国民医疗保健制度建议一个男人每天不要饮用超过3或4个单位的酒精，女人不超过2-3个单位吗？
But we know some young people in the UK who drink far more than that and get intoxicated – another word for getting drunk. And this often leads to a hangover – feeling tired and ill the day after drinking – or worse.
但我们知道有些英国的年轻人喝酒远不止这些，并喝醉（get intoxicated）--这是喝醉的另一个单词。这通常会导致宿醉--喝酒后感觉很疲惫，很病态甚至更糟。
Well, a report earlier this year by the BBC’s Asian Network, found this picture is changing. Young people are drinking less, or not at all – they are abstaining.
今年上半年BBC的 Asian Network报道，这个画面正在发生改变。年轻人喝的少了，甚至不喝--他们弃权。
That’s good news. I find, even at my age, cutting back on drinking is a hard thing to do. It takes willpower – that’s the ability to control my own behaviour.
这是好消息。我发现即便是像我这个年纪，戒酒仍是一件难事。它需要意志力--指控制自己行为的能力。
Yes, of course this is not an issue for people from certain cultures, who don’t drink alcohol because of their religious beliefs. But for others, there are a number of changes that have encouraged younger people to remain sober – or not get drunk.
是的，这对在某些文化背景下的人们来说这当然不是问题，他们不喝酒是因为他们的宗教信仰。但对其他人来说，有许多变化，鼓励年轻人保持清醒--或不喝醉。
Well, there have been awareness campaigns – that’s when organised publicity in the media has shown the benefits of not drinking. Also, British pubs and clubs have been stricter when stopping underage drinkers from buying alcohol.
一直有宣传活动，有组织的公共媒体说明不喝酒的好处。英国的酒吧和俱乐部严格禁止未成年人购买酒。
Yes, because officially you have to be 18 years old before you can buy alcohol. Another reason is the recession – people can’t afford to go out and drink.
是的，因为通常在18岁以后你才能买酒。另一个原因就是经济衰退--人们承担不起外出喝酒。
But Jonathan Birdwell, who’s a senior researcher at the think-tank Demos, has another reason. A think-tank, by the way, is a group of experts brought together, usually by a government, to develop ideas on a particular subject and to make suggestions for action. See if you can hear what his reason is…
但Jonathan Birdwell,来自智库Demos的高级研究员，说有另一个原因。顺便说一下，智库通常由政府组织一群专家聚在一起，来对特定的事提出想法，对行动提出建议。看一下你是否能听出来他的原因是什么...
Around 2004 we see the rise of awareness campaigns around units to consume, and daily guidelines, we see the arrival of ’drink aware’ labels on alcohol. We also see the rise of negative media stories around binge drinking culture. I think also significant, is the rise of social media technologies, smartphones, iPads. You know we have not only new ways of interacting with our friends, which takes up time, but we also have multiple forms of entertainment that didn’t exist, say ten years ago.
2004年前后，关于喝酒单位的宣传运动和日常准则增加，我们看到在酒上贴上了“饮酒须知”的标签。我们也看到对酗酒文化负面媒体报道也在增加。同时我也认为社交媒体技术、 智能手机、 Ipad 的崛起也很明显。你知道的，我们不仅使用新方式和朋友们联系，这些新方式需占用时间，我们还有很多十年前并不存在的娱乐方式。
Interesting! One factor for the change is the rise – the increase – in people using social media technology. He calls this significant – so it’s important.
很有意思！改变的因素之一就是人们使用社交媒体技术的人数正在上升或者说增加。他认为这些是有意义的事，因此很重要。
Yes, all this interaction with our friends takes up time. And time is also taken up using what he calls multiple forms of entertainment – things like gaming and watching films online. There’s more of it now.
是的，所有和朋友的联系需要时间。并且他称之为多形式娱乐比如在线玩游戏和看电影之类的也需要时间。现在更多了。
So maybe one way to cut down on drinking is to keep busy! But does this mean going out boozing – or drinking alcohol – is a thing of the past?
因此或许减少喝酒的方式就是保持忙碌！但这是否意味着要出去喝酒 -- 或饮酒-- 是过去的事？
Not yet, Rob. Although there are more coffee shops and ice cream parlours now, to spend time in – alcohol abuse still remains a problem among the young in the UK.
还不是，Rob。虽然现在有更多的咖啡店和冰淇淋店,花时间——酗酒仍然是英国年轻人的一个问题。
Well, on that sobering thought, let me reveal the answer to the question I set you earlier. I asked if you knew how many units there are in a typical bottle of wine. Is it: a) 8 b) 10 c) 13
发人深省的思考,让我揭晓让你早些时候回答的问题。我问你是否知道一瓶酒通常由多少单位。是：a) 8 个b) 10 个c) 13个
I said 13 but I want to change my mind and say b) 10.
我选的13，但我想改主意选择b）10个.
Well, actually, that’s a good idea because it is 10. Did you know that one unit equals 10 ml or 8 grams of pure alcohol, which is around the amount of alcohol the average adult can process in one hour? OK, before we go, please could you remind us of some of the words and phrases that we’ve heard today?
好吧，其实，这是个好主意因为是10。你知道吗，1单位等于10ml或8g的纯酒精，大约是成年人一个小时可以处理的平均水平？OK，在结束前，请您提醒一下我们今天听到的单词和短语吗?
Yes, we heard: attitude ;let my hair down ;binge drinking consumed ;intoxicated ;hangover ;abstaining willpower ;sober ;awareness campaigns ;boozing
好的，我们听到的有：attitude--态度 ;let my hair down--放松 ;binge drinking --酗酒consumed--消费 ;intoxicated-- 喝醉的;hangover--宿醉 ;abstaining --弃权willpower--意志力；sober-- 使清醒;awareness campaigns--开展运动 ;boozing-- 喝酒
Thanks. Well, it’s time now for a healthy glass of orange juice I think. We hope you’ve enjoyed today’s programme. Please join us again soon for another 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. Bye.
谢谢。我觉得我们现在应该喝一杯健康的橘汁。希望大家喜欢今天的节目。请继续加入我们BBC6分钟英语。再见。
Cheers!
干杯！