没有音乐的生活 Life without music

Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Rob…
大家好，欢迎收听《六分钟英语》。我是罗伯。
… and I’m Neil. Hello.
大家好，我是尼尔。
Hello, Neil!What tune are you humming, there?
你好，尼尔！你在哼什么调呢？
Was I humming? Oh, I woke up with it in my head. It’s that song – you know [hums a song]
我刚才有哼吗？哦，我起床时想到这个旋律了。就是那首歌，你知道的。
No idea, what you’re talking about, Neil, but it’s very annoying, so could you just stop it please.
对你说的没印象，这有些让人烦躁，能不能停一下。
But there’s my problem. I can stop humming it out loud, but it keeps on repeating in my head [more humming]. Did you know there’s a name for that, Rob?When a song keeps repeating in your head?
但是我有一个问题。我能停止大声哼唱，但是我的脑子里一直重复这个旋律。有一个术语是专门描述这种情况的，你知道吗？就是一首歌一直在你的脑中重复。
There’s a name? I don’t know what it is – but I’m sure you’re going to tell me.
有个术语？我不知道是什么，但我知道你会告诉我的。
You’re right! It’s an earworm.
没错。这个术语是耳虫（音乐幻听）。
Sounds nasty – is there a cure for that?
听上去不是什么太好的词。有方法治疗这种状况吗？
I don’t think so! So let’s move on. In this programme we’re talking about music – and how it influences us.
我觉得没有。我们继续说吧。今天节目中我们要谈论音乐，以及音乐对我们有何影响。
But first, Neil, can you answer this question: If a person has musical anhedonia, does it mean they…a) hate music?b) can’t enjoy music?or c) can’t hear music?
首先，你能回答一个问题吗？如果一个人患上了音乐快感缺乏症，这意味着他们是怎么样的状况呢？a) 讨厌音乐？b) 不能享受音乐？c) 听不到音乐？
Well, um, ‘anhedonia’ sounds like an illness, so I’m going to go for c) can’t hear music.
缺乏症，听上去像是一种疾病，所以我选c) 听不到音乐。
We’ll find out if you’re wrong or right later on. But now let’s listen to Professor Charles Spence telling us how music affects what we choose to eat and drink.
之后我们再来看你回答的是否正确。现在我们来听听查尔斯思朋斯教授所说的，音乐如何影响我们的饮食。
Imagine you’re going to the bar and thinking about a glass of wine. There’s French music playing behind the counter – more than likely you’ll go for a glass of French wine. German music behind the counter – your likelihood of choosing German wine goes way, way up.If they’re playing classical music you might be tempted to spend that little bit more.
想象一下，你要去一家酒吧，想点一杯酒。这时吧台后播放着法国音乐，很有可能你会点一杯法国酒。如果播放的是德国音乐，你很有可能会点德国酒，以此类推。如果播放的是古典乐，你可能忍不住要在酒吧消费很多。
What’s the likelihood of you spending more, Rob?
如果要花费很多，你可能点什么呢？
Quite likely, actually Neil – and likelihood means the chance of something happening. I love a good glass of wine.
可能，意味着某事发生的可能性。我会点一杯好酒。
Me too. But why do we spend more when there’s classical music playing?
我也是。但是为什么播放古典音乐时，我们会不自觉消费很多呢？
Good question. It makes us feel a bit classy – that’s stylish and sophisticated.
问得好。因为古典音乐会让我们感到一种优越感，给我们一种潇洒精致的感觉。
I’m guessing hip-hop doesn’t have the same effect. Am I right?
我猜嘻哈音乐不会有这样的效果。我说的对吗？
You’re always right, Rob. So, the professor is saying that bars and restaurants use music to manipulate their customers.
你说的没错。所以，教授表达的是，酒吧和餐馆会用音乐来巧妙地蛊惑顾客。
And that means to control or influence them. Argh! Earworms! They’re messing with our minds!
是指控制或影响顾客。就像耳虫！他们会干扰我们的思想。
I know, I know, and it doesn’t stop there. Restaurants also use the tempo – or speed – of the music to change people’s behaviour. A fast tempo gets customers in and out quickly at busy times.On the other hand, if there aren’t many customers, the restaurant might want to keep people in the place for longer.So they put on music with a slow tempo to create a more relaxed atmosphere.
我知道，这种状况不会立即停止。餐馆也会用音乐节拍，或者说音乐的速度来影响人们的行为。快节拍的音乐会让顾客在餐馆繁忙时间快速用餐。另一方面，如果餐厅没有太多顾客，餐馆想要顾客停留的时间长一些。他们就会播放慢节拍的音乐，营造更加惬意的氛围。
And atmosphere, in this context, means the mood or tone in a place or situation. Now music is also used to create atmosphere in films.So let’s hear Debbie Wiseman talking about music in the movies.
这里的氛围指的是一个地方或情景带给人的情绪或心情。电影中也经常使用音乐来营造氛围。我们来听听黛比怀斯曼所说的电影中的音乐。
A director might come to me and say “look, can you help bring the romance to this scene with the music”, and so I might write something beautifully romantic and lyrical working with what I’ve got and suddenly the scene will feel much more romantic, much more tender, much more sexy, whatever it needs to feel, and the music has the power to do that, to achieve that effect.
如果一个导演找到我，说：“你能不能用音乐给这个场景营造一种浪漫的氛围。”那么我会写一些美好浪漫抒情的音乐，刹那间，这个场景就会更加浪漫，更加温馨，更加性感。不管电影需要人们感知什么样的情感，音乐都有这种能力，实现这种效果。
Sexy, tender, lyrical, romantic – that’s emotional stuff!And lyrical actually means expressing strong emotions. So what’s your favourite romantic moment in a film, Rob?
性感，温馨，抒情，浪漫，都是一些感性的东西。抒情的，是指表达一种强烈的情感。那么，罗伯，电影中你最喜欢的浪漫瞬间是什么？
Oh, there are so many. I’m a sucker for romance.Once the violins start playing, I start blubbing – and yes, Neil – that means I have a good cry!
有很多。我被浪漫深深吸引。当音乐随着小提琴的演奏缓缓流淌，我就想哭，哦，就是说我会痛哭一场。
So sweet! Now, if you’re a sucker for something, for example romance, it means you can’t resist it. I’m more of a sucker for horror myself…
很浪漫！你被某件事吸引，例如浪漫，就是说你无法抗拒它。恐怖电影深深地吸引着我。
And music is crucial – or extremely important – in creating atmosphere in horror films.
在恐怖电影中，要想烘托气氛，音乐很关键，或者说极其重要。
That’s very true. Music is often used to create tension and suspense – or feelings of anxiety and excitement.
确实如此。音乐能够制造紧张悬疑的气氛，就是说会激发人们紧张兴奋的情绪。
Can you imagine Hitchcock’s Psycho without that violin music?
你能想象没有小提琴伴奏，希区柯克的《惊魂记》是什么样子吗？
OK, let’s not have a shower scene here in the studio, Neil. You’ll give me nightmares! Now, remember at the beginning of the show I asked you what musical anhedonia means. Is it someone who a) hates music b) can’t enjoy music or c) can’t hear music?
不要在这想那场淋浴场景。会让我做恶梦的！现在我们回到节目开始时的问题，我问你什么是音乐快感缺乏症。是指一个人a) 讨厌音乐 b)不能享受音乐，还是 c) 听不到音乐？
I said can’t hear music…
我选的是听不到音乐。
And that’s the wrong answer. It’s actually b) can’t enjoy music.
很抱歉你答错了。正确答案是b)不能享受音乐。
Not a great job for a DJ then. Anyway, Rob, before we go any further, how about those words again?
那对于DJ来说就太惨了。在我们节目结束前，我们再来听听今天提到的单词吧?
OK, the words we heard today were:
好的，今天我们听到的单词有：
earworm
耳虫
musical anhedonia
音乐快感缺乏症
likelihood
可能
classy
优越的
manipulate
操纵
tempo
节拍
atmosphere
氛围
lyrical
抒情的
blubbing
痛苦
sucker for something
被某物吸引
crucial
关键的
tension
紧张
suspense
悬疑
Well, that brings us to the end of today’s 6 Minute English. Try not to catch musical anhedonia and watch out for those earworms! We hope you enjoyed humming along to today’s programme. Please join us again soon.
好的，今天的《六分钟英语》就到这里。不要患上音乐快感缺乏症哦，注意耳虫现象哦！希望你喜欢今天节目中哼的曲调。下次节目再会！
Bye.
再见。