VOA慢速英语:Small Drug Pouch May Offer New Tool to Protect Newborns From HIV

1.Researchers say they have found a way to extend the storage life of a drug used to treat H.I.V.

a way to后面的to extend是动词不定式做后置定语，修饰way。used to是过去分词作后置定语，修饰drug。

way还有副词的意思：way adv.远远地, 大大地

例句：The mortality rate was way down.
      死亡率大大降低。
 
      It's way too hot.
      太烫了。

2.If it is given within seventy-two hours after birth, it can often protect babies from H.I.V.

If it is given是最常见的条件状语从句。given在这里就是give的过去分词。不过given也有固定用法：

given引导条件句：given与provided意思一样,表示“如果有……,则……”,
但两者的区别是provided后面只能跟that引导从句,而不能跟名词或名词性短语。而given后既可跟从句,又可跟名词性短语。

given that考虑到

例句：Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.
      考虑到她喜欢孩子, 我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。
 
3.But they expect that final results in October will show it can keep the liquid stable for up to twelve months.

up to多达，相当于as many as

例句：I can take up to four people in my car.
      我的汽车最多能坐四个人。

直到

例句：Up to now he's still quiet.
      他直到现在仍保持沉默。

在于…, 取决于…

例句：This is up to you.
      这件事取决于你。
 
能胜任

例句：He's not up to the work.
      他不能胜任这件工作。

4.That way, H.I.V.-infected women could have plenty of time to get the pouch from a health care provider early in their pregnancy.

plenty of很多, 大量的

例句：There is plenty of coal in this area.
      这个地区有丰富的煤。

5.The report said nearly all the mother-to-child infections could have been prevented through interventions.

could have been是虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。