VOA慢速英语:Training Medical Teams to Communicate Better During Operations

why引导表语从句

“That is why...”是常用句型， 意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”， 其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语， 该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结， 又如： That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne. 珍妮， 这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异， 说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。// That is why I came. 这就是我来的原因。

　　下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构， 它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚：

　　(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义， 只不过从语法结构上讲， “That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句， 将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样， 例如：

　　That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。

　　(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语， 这也是个常用句型， 意为“这就是为什么……/因为

……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由， “That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果， 例如：

　　He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.昨天晚上他没有去看电影， 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果， 第二句话说明原因)

　　He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.他以前曾看过那部电影， 因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因， 第二句话说明结果)

2.whomever it is in the operating room could bring up any concerns they had about the patient.

bring up教育, 养育(孩子)

例句：My aunt brought up four children.
      我姑姑养了四个孩子。

提及〔提出〕…

例句：Mr. Chairman, I should like to bring up the question of the reorganization of the committee.
      主席先生, 我想提出改组委员会的问题。

3.For example, they are supposed to mark the surgical site and perform a "time-out" immediately before the procedure.

be supposed to应该,被期望

例句：The show is supposed to be good.
      这场表演应当是相当好的。

4.The researchers blamed most of the wrong-site cases on errors in judgment or a lack of a time-out. But they say errors in communication were at least one cause of all the patient mix-ups involving the wrong patient.

blame on把责任推给…

例句：They blamed the failure on John.
      他们把失败的责任推给约翰。

      You can't blame the rise in prices on the government.
      你不能把物价上涨归咎于政府。