VOA慢速英语:Knowing Women's Risk of Heart Disease

Heart disease is the world's leading cause of death. Yet most cases can be prevented.
心脏病是世界最主要的致死原因。然而，大多数情况下是可以预防的。

Doctors say reducing deaths from heart disease will require not only changes in the way people live. It will also require changes in public policy, and better public knowledge about differences in heart disease between men and women.
医生表示，减少心脏病死亡不仅需要改变人们的生活方式，也需要改变公共政策，而最好是让公众认识到男性与女性之间心脏病的差异。

Two conditions, coronary artery disease and microvascular disease, can both reduce blood flow to the heart. Experts at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston say heart disease in women is more likely to be caused by microvascular disease.
有两种情况，冠状动脉疾病与微血管病变都会减少流向心脏的血液。在波士顿布里格姆妇女医院的专家说，妇女的心脏病更有可能是由微血管病变引起的。

Finding this condition may require tests other than an angiogram. An angiogram is a kind of X-ray test. Doctors use it to look for a buildup of fatty plaque material that can block arteries. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.
这种情况可能需要血管造影测试才能发现。血管造影是一种X射线测试。医生通过这项技术来寻找那些可能堵塞动脉的堆积的脂肪块物质。动脉将富含氧气的血液从心脏输送到身体其它部位。

The World Health Organization says heart disease kills eighteen million women a year. And these are not just older women. Carrie Vincent had a heart attack after giving birth to her first child.
世卫组织称，每年有1800万名女性死于心脏病，而这些不只是老年妇女。Carrie Vincent在生下她的第一个孩子后就心脏病发作。

CARRIE VINCENT: "My God, I was thirty-one years old. Thirty-one-year-olds don't have heart attack."
CARRIE VINCENT：“天哪，那时我才31岁。没人会31岁时心脏病发作。”

Ms. Vincent is now taking her message to women in their homes through an organization called Sister to Sister.
Vincent女士目前是通过一个被称为Sister to Sister的组织，向在家的女性传达她的信息。

Irene Pollin started Sister to Sister to educate women about heart disease. Ms. Pollin urges women to learn about their blood pressure, cholesterol levels and other risk factors for heart disease.
Irene Pollin建立了Sister to Sister组织来向教授女性关于心脏病的知识。Pollin女士敦促女性们解自己的血压、胆固醇水平及其它心脏病危险因素。

IRENE POLLIN: "The goal is really prevention, having people understand their risk, that they should really get screened, know their numbers and then do something about it."
IRENE POLLIN：“我们的目标当然是预防，让人们了解自己的风险，他们应该真正得到筛查，知道自身的一些数据，并采取措施。”

Ms. Pollin teamed up with a heart specialist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. Dr. Joanne Foody works mostly on prevention efforts.
Pollin女士与布里格姆及妇女医院的心脏病专家Joanne Foody合作。Joanne Foody的主要工作心脏病预防工作。

JOANNE FOODY: "The good news is we know that ninety percent of heart disease is preventable by reducing risk."
JOANNE FOODY：“好消息是，我们知道90%的心脏病可以通过减少心脏病发作风险来预防的。”

Reducing risk means not smoking. It means controlling or avoiding diabetes. It also means keeping a healthy weight and eating healthy foods. And it means exercising at least thirty minutes on most days and managing or reducing stress.
降低风险的措施是不吸烟，这意味着控制或避免糖尿病，这也意味着保持健康的体重和吃健康食品。这也意味着大多数日子每天锻炼至少30分钟，以及管理和减轻压力。

Dr. Dariush Mozaffarian at the Harvard School of Public Health also has other advice about reducing the risk of heart attacks. He says people should eat more fish, whole grains, vegetables, vegetable oils and nuts, and reduce the amount of salt and trans fats in their diets. Trans fats can increase the risk of heart disease.
哈佛大学公共卫生学院的Dariush Mozaffarian博士关于减少心脏病发作风险还有其他建议。他说，在饮食方面，人们应该多吃鱼、全谷类、蔬菜，植物油和坚果，并减少盐和反式脂肪的摄入量。反式脂肪可能会增加心脏病风险。

Heart disease increasingly affects women in developing countries. Dr. Mozaffarian places a lot of blame on the global epidemic of obesity.
心脏病越来越影响到发展中国家的妇女。Mozaffarian博士对肥胖的全球蔓延提出了许多指责。

DARIUSH MOZAFFARIAN: "People are getting chronic diseases not from eating too much, but eating poorly. And so in fact what they're not eating is actually probably mostly what's harming them."
DARIUSH MOZAFFARIAN：“人们得慢性病不是因为吃得太多，而是吃得很差。因此实际上他们不能吃的可能主要是会伤害他们的食物。”