VOA慢速英语:How Freud Changed What People Thought About the Mind

短语讲解：

1. But his first scientific publications dealt with sea animals, including the sexuality of eels.

deal with论述, 涉及
例句：This book deals with life in the United States.
这本书谈的是美国的生活情况。

2. He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams to search for the causes of mental and emotional problems.

search for搜索, 搜寻
例句：We searched in vain for the missing child.
我们到处寻找那孩子, 但没有找到。

3. He wanted to see if putting patients into a sleep-like condition would help ease troubled minds.

put into使处于某种状态
例句：The regulations have been put into practice on a trial basis.
这些规定已开始试行。

4. There could be no holding back because of fear or guilt.

hold back隐瞒, 保留
例句：We must have the whole story; don't hold anything back.
我们必须了解全部情况, 你什么也别隐瞒。

5. He thought that if these memories could somehow be brought into the conscious mind, the patient would again feel the pain.

bring into使开始；使进入某种状态
例句：The new law will be brought into force by midnight tomorrow.
新法律于明日午夜生效。

6. Sigmund Freud proposed that the mind was divided into three parts: the id, the ego and the superego. Under this theory, the superego acts as a restraint.

divide into分成; 分为
例句：Divide the cake into quarters and share it equally.
把蛋糕分成四份, 大家平均享用。
act as担当…; 起…的作用
例句：An oar often acts as rudder.
桨常可起舵的作用。

7. Patients usually have to pay for the treatment themselves.

pay for为…付钱
例句：How much did you pay for the book?
那本书你付了多少钱?

8. But the length of treatment depends on the problem.  Some therapies, for example, call for twenty or thirty visits with a therapist.

depend on随…而定
例句：Whether the game will be played depends on the weather.
比赛是否举行要看天气而定。
call for需要; 要求
例句：The letter calls for an investigation of the facts.
来信要求对这些事实进行调查。

9. Mental health experts say therapy can often help patients suffering from depression, severe stress or other conditions.

suffer from因(疾病)而痛或不舒服;因...而更糟;受...之苦
例句：She often suffers from headaches.
她常常头痛。

10. Freud was eighty-three years old when he died of cancer in London on September twenty-third, nineteen thirty-nine.

die of死于
例句：People are dying of cancer more and more often.
死于癌症的人越来越多了。