VOA慢速英语:Japanese Scientist Wins Nobel in Medicine(翻译)

短语讲解：

1. He studied a natural process in which cells break down and reuse some of their parts.

break down 失败;划分（以便分析）;损坏
例句：Their car broke down.
他们的车子出故障了。

2. The prize committee said understanding the science behind this process has led to a better understanding of diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s and type 2 diabetes.

lead to 导致;把…带到
例句：A lack of prudence may lead to financial problems.
不够谨慎可能会导致财政上出现问题。

3. So you need to get rid of the old stuff and generate new structures,” he told Reuters news service.

get rid of 除掉，去掉;涤荡
例句：It fell to me to get rid of them.
由我来负责摆脱他们。

4. “If you affect this system – the genes and proteins involved in autophagy – you no longer can take care of the waste, and once it accumulates, you will get some type of disease,” he said.

take care of 照顾
例句：I take care of them to the best of my abilities
我尽我所能地照顾他们。