VOA慢速英语:贸易纠纷爆发，中国对美国产品加征进口税

China has increased import taxes on $3 billion of American products in reaction to recent United States trade policies.
针对美国近期的贸易政策，中国已经对价值30亿美元的美国产品加征进口税。
The Chinese government placed the tariffs on more than 100 products including pork, fruit and other goods. The measures are to take effect immediately.
中国政府对100多种产品设置了关税，其中包括猪肉、水果等商品。这些措施将立即生效。

China's finance ministry said the move was in reaction to U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminum imports announced in March.
中国财政部表示，此举是对美国3月份宣布对钢铁和铝产品征收关税的回应。

China's most recent move adds to complex trade tensions involving the U.S., Europe and Japan. They say that China's government unfairly supports some companies. This support, they say, is like a subsidy that makes China's exports less costly and unfairly competitive.
中国这一最新举措加剧了涉及美国、欧洲和日本在内的复杂的贸易紧张关系。他们称中国政府不公平地扶持一些公司。这种扶持就像是补贴，使得中国的出口成本更低并且不公平竞争。

The group also says that state support for Chinese companies violates China's requirements under the rules of the World Trade Organization.
该组织还表示，对中国企业进行国家扶持违反了世贸组织规则下对中国的要求。

Foreign governments also oppose a Chinese policy requiring foreign carmakers and other companies to work with a state-owned partner. The requirement means that companies doing business in China must share technology with a possible competitor.
外国政府还反对中国要求国外汽车制造商等公司同中国国营企业合作的政策。这种要求意味着在中国开展业务的公司必须同潜在竞争对手分享技术。

Last month, U.S. officials said a plan by China to manufacture electric cars, robots and other high technology products was "hugely problematic." Business groups say the plan, called "Made in China 2025" would block foreign competition within China in those industries.
美国官员上月表示，中国制造电动汽车、机器人等高科技产品的一项计划“非常成问题。”商业组织表示，这项名为《中国制造2025》的计划将会阻碍这些行业在中国内部进行外国竞争。

On March 20, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang promised there would be "no mandatory requirements for technology transfers." But, Chinese officials deny that foreign companies are required to hand over technology. This has caused some companies to be unsure if there is a change in policy.
3月20日，中国国务院总理李克强承诺技术转让不会有强制性要求。但是，中国官员否认要求外国公司转让技术。这导致一些公司不确定政策是否有变化。

Concerns about further trade actions
对进一步贸易行为的担忧

Experts say the new Chinese tariffs on U.S. goods are likely to have limited effect. However, many in the financial industry worry about a trade war. In such a case, countries would react to new tariffs with their own import taxes, placing new barriers to trade.
专家表示，中国对美国商品征收这些新关税可能影响有限。然而，大多数金融业人士担心发生贸易战。在这种情况下，各国将出台进口税对各种新关税做出反应，设置新的贸易壁垒。

Stock markets in Tokyo, Shanghai, and New York all decreased on Monday.
东京、上海和纽约股市周一全线下跌。

Taimur Baig is an economist with the bank DBS Group based in Singapore. He told AP that tariffs "signal a most unwelcome development, which is that countries are becoming protectionist." But, he said the most recent tariffs are, in his words, "not very substantial" compared to China's total imports from the U.S.
Taimur Baig是总部位于新加坡的星展银行的一名经济学家。他对美联社表示，关税预示着“最不受欢迎的发展，也就是各国开始成为贸易保护主义者。”但是他表示，同中国从美国的进口总额相比，最新的这些关税微不足道。

However, the tariffs announced on Monday might target states that voted for U.S. President Donald Trump in 2016. Many of those are farm states.
然而，中国周一宣布的这些关税可能会针对2016年投票支持川普总统的各个州，其中多数都是农业州。

China is placing a 25 percent tariff on U.S. pork products and aluminum scrap metal. It also is placing a 15 percent tariff on some kinds of wine, steel pipe used by oil and gas companies and many agricultural products such as apples, walnuts and grapes.
中国对美国猪肉产品以及废铝加征25%的关税，并对一些葡萄酒、石油和天然气公司使用的钢管，以及苹果、核桃和葡萄等多种农产品加征15%的关税。

It is unclear if China will make an exception for Chinese-owned Smithfield Foods, the biggest pork producer in the U.S. China imported about $1.1 billion in pork products in 2017.
目前尚不清楚中国是否会豁免中国拥有的史密斯菲尔德食品公司，这是美国最大的猪肉生产商。中国2017年进口了大约11亿美元的猪肉产品。

Experts are concerned about a new round of proposed tariffs on Chinese exports to the U.S. The Trump administration announced in March that it is preparing a list of products that could face tariffs. The AP reports that administration officials have identified over 1,000 imported products worth about $48 billion that could face additional tariffs.
专家们对新一轮中国对美出口的关税表示担忧。川普政府3月份宣布正在准备一份可能会面临关税的产品清单。美联社报道称，政府官员已经确定了价值480亿美元的1000多种进口商品可能会面临额外关税。

Trump has promised to reduce the U.S. trade deficit with China which reached a record of $375 billion in 2017. The U.S. president said he asked China to find a way to reduce that deficit by $100 billion.
川普承诺减少美国同中国的贸易逆差，这一数字在2017年达到了3750亿美元。川普表示，他要求中国设法将这一逆差减少1000亿美元。

White House spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders said Monday on the television show "Fox and Friends" that Trump was "going to fight back and he's going to push back."
白宫发言人桑德斯周一在电视节目《福克斯之友》上表示，川普正要反击，他会反击回去。