WHO Calls for Donations after Declaring Mpox a 'Health Emergency’

The World Health Organization is calling for donations to fight the latest outbreak of the viral disease mpox in Africa.
世界卫生组织呼吁捐款以应对非洲最新爆发的猴痘病毒。

The U.N. health agency declared mpox in Africa a "public health emergency of international concern" last week.
上周，这家联合国卫生机构宣布非洲的猴痘为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。

The director-general of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, made the announcement after a meeting of the WHO's emergency committee.
世卫组织总干事谭德塞在世卫组织紧急委员会会议后宣布了这一消息。

The move follows a declaration by the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC).
此举是在非洲疾病控制与预防中心（非洲CDC）宣布后采取的。

That organization declared mpox a public health emergency in Africa one day earlier.
该机构在前一天宣布非洲猴痘为突发公共卫生事件。

The WHO said there have been more than 14,000 cases and more than 524 deaths in Africa this year.
世卫组织表示，今年非洲已有超过14,000例病例和524例以上的死亡。

So far, about 96 percent of all cases and deaths have taken place in one country: the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
迄今为止，约96%的病例和死亡发生在一个国家：刚果民主共和国。

But the WHO and others are concerned that a new version of the viral disease could spread more easily among people.
但世卫组织和其他机构担心，这种病毒病的新变种可能在人群中更易传播。

The Associated Press recently reported some of the information known about the current mpox outbreak.
美联社最近报道了一些关于当前猴痘疫情的已知信息。

What is mpox?
什么是猴痘？

Mpox is also known as monkeypox.
猴痘也被称为猴痘病毒病。

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says the viral disease was first identified by scientists in 1958 when outbreaks of a “pox-like” disease appeared in monkeys.
美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，这种病毒病最早在1958年由科学家发现，当时猴子中爆发了一种“类似天花”的疾病。

Until recently, most human cases involved people in central and West Africa who had contact with infected animals.
直到最近，大多数人类病例涉及与受感染动物接触的中非和西非地区的人群。

In 2022, experts confirmed that the virus could be spread through sex.
2022年，专家证实这种病毒可以通过性传播。

Outbreaks were reported in more than 70 countries that had not reported the disease before.
70多个以前未报告过该疾病的国家报告了疫情。

Mpox belongs to the same virus family as smallpox.
猴痘与天花属于同一家族病毒。

It causes symptoms like high body temperature, chills and body pain.
它会引起高体温、发冷和身体疼痛等症状。

People with serious cases can develop lesions on the face, hands, chest and sex organs.
重症患者的面部、手部、胸部和生殖器上可能出现病变。

What is happening in Africa?
非洲发生了什么？

The number of cases has increased sharply in the last few weeks.
过去几周内，病例数量急剧增加。

The Africa CDC said the disease has been identified in at least 13 African countries.
非洲CDC表示，该病已在至少13个非洲国家被发现。

Compared to the same period last year, the agency said cases have increased by 160 percent and deaths by 19 percent.
该机构表示，与去年同期相比，病例增加了160%，死亡增加了19%。

The version of mpox seen in the Democratic Republic of the Congo could kill up to 10 percent of people infected.
在刚果民主共和国发现的猴痘病毒株可能导致多达10%的感染者死亡。

Unlike earlier mpox outbreaks, where lesions were mostly seen on the chest, hands and feet, the new form of mpox causes less severe symptoms.
与早期的猴痘疫情不同，早期主要在胸部、手部和脚部出现病变，而新型猴痘的症状较轻。

This could make the disease harder to identify.
这可能使疾病更难被发现。

The WHO said mpox was recently reported for the first time in four East African countries: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda.
世卫组织表示，最近在四个东非国家首次报告了猴痘病例：布隆迪、肯尼亚、卢旺达和乌干达。

All of those cases were linked to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
所有这些病例都与刚果民主共和国有关。

In the Ivory Coast and South Africa, health officials have reported a less dangerous version of mpox than the one that spread in 2022.
在科特迪瓦和南非，卫生官员报告了比2022年传播的猴痘毒性更低的病毒株。

The WHO's declaration
世卫组织的声明

The WHO's emergency declaration is meant to get donors to provide money for a campaign against the disease.
世卫组织的紧急声明旨在促使捐赠者提供资金，以开展抗击该疾病的行动。

African CDC Director General Dr. Jean Kaseya said the agency's declaration of a public emergency was meant “to mobilize our institutions, our collective will and our resources.”
非洲CDC总干事让·卡塞亚博士表示，该机构的突发公共卫生事件声明旨在“动员我们的机构、集体意志和资源”。

Michael Marks teaches medicine at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
迈克尔·马克斯在伦敦卫生与热带医学院教授医学。

He said, “It is clear that current control strategies aren't working and there is a clear need for more resources.”
他说：“显然，当前的控制策略并不奏效，显然需要更多的资源。”

What is different from 2022?
与2022年有什么不同？

Most of the cases during the 2022 outbreak of the viral disease were gay and bisexual men.
在2022年猴痘病毒爆发期间，大多数病例为同性恋和双性恋男性。

The virus was spread through close contact and sex.
该病毒通过密切接触和性行为传播。

Although similar things are happening in Africa, children under the age of 15 now make up more than 70 percent of mpox cases and 85 percent of deaths in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
尽管非洲也出现了类似情况，但在刚果民主共和国，15岁以下儿童目前占猴痘病例的70%以上，死亡人数的85%。

WHO chief Tedros said officials are dealing with several outbreaks and, what he called, “different modes of transmission and different levels of risk.”
世卫组织负责人谭德塞表示，官员们正在应对几起疫情爆发，以及他所说的“不同的传播方式和不同的风险级别”。

Greg Ramm is with the aid group Save the Children.
格雷格·拉姆属于儿童救助组织。

He said his organization is worried about mpox spreading in crowded refugee camps.
他说，他的组织担心猴痘在拥挤的难民营中传播。

He said there were 345,000 children living in unhealthy conditions in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
他表示，刚果民主共和国东部有34.5万儿童生活在不健康的环境中。

Ramm added that the country's health system is already “collapsing” because of malnutrition, measles and cholera.
拉姆补充道，该国的卫生系统已经因营养不良、麻疹和霍乱而“崩溃”。

Dr. Boghuma Titanji is an infectious disease expert at Emory University in the American state of Georgia.
博古玛·蒂坦吉博士是美国佐治亚州埃默里大学的传染病专家。

She said it is unclear why the disease is mostly affecting children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
她表示，不清楚为什么这种疾病主要影响刚果民主共和国的儿童。

She said children might become infected more easily or social conditions like overcrowding or infected parents might explain the problem.
她说，儿童可能更容易感染，或社会条件如过度拥挤或受感染的父母可能解释了这个问题。

How might mpox be stopped
如何阻止猴痘传播

The AP says in 2022, developed countries stopped the outbreak of mpox with treatments and vaccines.
美联社表示，2022年发达国家通过治疗和疫苗阻止了猴痘疫情。

But few vaccines are available in Africa.
但非洲可获得的疫苗很少。

Marks said the immunization would likely help — including vaccination against the similar smallpox virus.
马克斯表示，免疫接种可能会有所帮助——包括接种类似的天花疫苗。

He said, “We need a large supply of vaccine so that we can vaccinate populations most at risk.”
他说：“我们需要大量的疫苗供应，以便为最有风险的人群接种疫苗。”

He said that would mean vaccinating children, sex workers and adults in affected areas.
他表示，这意味着要为受影响地区的儿童、性工作者和成年人接种疫苗。

The WHO has already released $1.45 million of emergency money for mpox.
世卫组织已经为猴痘拨款145万美元的紧急资金。

But the U.N. agency says $15 million is needed to start efforts to combat the disease.
但联合国机构表示，需要1500万美元才能启动抗击该疾病的工作。