VOA常速英语:俄罗斯大肆宣扬苏联传奇故事

The story goes like this, 28 Red Army soldiers in World War II, under the leadership of General Ivan Panfilov,bravely sacrificed their lives to fend off Nazi tanks attacking Moscow.
故事是这样的，二战期间，Ivan Panfilov将军领导下的28名红军战士，为了抵御纳粹坦克攻击莫斯科，最终英勇就义。

It was Soviet propaganda which state archives prove was mostly fabricated.
然而国家档案馆证实，上述故事情节只是苏联的宣传罢了，其中大部分都是编造的。

But Russia’s Ministry of Culture backed the film as well as an exhibit in Moscow, belittling those who question Soviet legends.
不过，俄罗斯文化部却大力支持该部影片以及在莫斯科举办的一次主题展览，同时还毁谤那些质疑苏联传奇的人。

“There are always those who defend their heroes and there are always those who are against them,especially those who try to create a greater myth and drag it all through the dirt.”
“总会有人极力维护自己心目中的英雄，也总会有人诋毁他们，尤其是那些想要创造出来一个更伟大的神话，所以要先将我们的传奇贬低的一文不值的人。”

The Soviet Union taught the legend of Panfilov’s 28 to every child as a fact of history.
苏联将Panfilov将军手下28名红军的传奇故事当做史实，教给每个小孩子。

Russian authorities’ efforts to maintain such legends,to the point of insulting historians, is drawing criticism.
俄罗斯当局不遗余力地坚守着这类传奇故事，有时竟到了侮辱史学家的地步，此举惹来众多批评。

“My response is that I’m not going to use the same language,but I would say that those people who think that their nation deserves neither historical truth nor the knowledge of how it really was do not respect their people.”
“我的回答就是，无论如何我都不会跟他们持相同的说法，另外我还想说，那些认为自己的国家既不该了解史实也无需知晓真相究竟如何的人，对人民实在是极度地不尊重。”

This re-enactment staged for the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Moscow draws a crowd of hundreds despite the cold.
为纪念莫斯科战争75周年，俄罗斯又上演了一次战争重现。尽管天寒地冻，还是吸引了上百民众前来观看。

Russia’s aggressive defense of Soviet propaganda exploits a public urge to celebrate heroes and dismiss uncomfortable facts.
俄罗斯对苏联宣传的过分维护，实际上是利用了民众想要赞美英雄，同时也忘却令人不悦的史实的迫切要求。

“There is a historical necessity for some legends.People did not go into battle without both legends, myths and ideas.”
“一些传奇故事是有其历史必然性的。人们在研究战争的时候，一定会充分考虑到传奇故事、神话还有自己的看法。”

In modern Russia, the battle is for the minds of the next generation, whether they will be taught factual history or simplified legends of greatness.
而在现代俄罗斯，重提这场战争是为了让下一代不忘过去，斗志昂扬，无论他们将来接受的是真正的历史还是简化了的伟大传奇故事。

Daniel Schearf, VOA news, Moscow
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