正文
VOA常速英语:批评者称俄罗斯停止清洁针具交换项目旨在遏制艾滋病
38岁的海达尔从青少年时期就开始使用海洛因,他只愿提供自己的名字。
He saw using injection drugs as part of a criminal lifestyle that cost him 13 years in prison and his health.
他把注射毒品看成他犯罪生涯的一部分,导致他坐了13年的牢,也没有了健康的身体。
“I learned about having HIV this year.I have TB-HIV.That is, I have both tuberculosis and HIV.”
“我今年才知道自己得了艾滋病。我得的病是TB-HIV,也就是说,既染上了肺结核也染上了艾滋病。”
While the rate of HIV infections in Europe is shrinking,the number of Russians infected with HIV is growing annually by 10 percent, and recently passed 1 million.
欧洲的艾滋病感染率在不断下降,但俄罗斯的艾滋病感染率却以每年百分之十的速度上升,最近感染人数已经超过一百万。
Most acquired the virus like Haidar by sharing infected needles or paraphernalia.
像海达尔一样,大部分人都是由于共用受感染的注射器或随身用品而染上了这种病毒。
“There are a few people who I know well, who are infected.Not so many, but there are a few.They still continue to use drugs no matter what.They take medications, but continue to use heroin.”
“有几个和我关系很好的人也染上了艾滋病,不多,只有几个。不管怎样,他们继续服用毒品。他们也在服用其他药物,但还继续使用海洛因。”
Haidar says he would have used a clean needle exchange program if it was available;But, Russia pulled support from such programs years ago and made opiate substitution therapy illegal,despite its record of reducing HIV transmission.
海达尔说如果当时清洁针具交换项目可行,他就使用清洁针具了。但是俄罗斯在几年前就已经废止了这个项目,并且将鸦片替代疗法定为违法行为,完全不管其减少艾滋病传播的记录。
Authorities argue the programs encourage drug addiction.
官方表示此项目鼓励药物成瘾。
Rehabilitation for injection drug addicts can work, at least for those who avoid HIV and get help before it is too late.
注射吸毒者可以复原,至少那些还没感染艾滋病毒,并及早治疗的是可以恢复的。
“Out of the guys I used drugs with together, I can state that there were seven of us,and just two currently remain and they have HIV.All the rest died.”
“过去和我一起服毒的,有七个人,只有两个还活着,并且都染上了艾滋病,其他的都死了。”
Critics say Russia is focused too much on moral arguments for abstinence instead of education.
评论家们说俄罗斯太过注重对于节欲的道德争论,而忽略了教育。
“This is a weak, non-effective policy.One requires a direct service, a live contact with humans.One requires trainings, to bring in all that to school and to those layers of the population who are most at risk.”
“这个政策软弱无力。一方面要直接服务,与他们直接接触。另一方面要注重教育,将这些都带进学校,带给那些处于最危险环境中的人群。”
But Russian authorities are reluctant to address the HIV problem at the street level.
但是俄罗斯当局却不愿意解决街道层面上的艾滋病问题。
In June, they labeled the only Moscow group handing out clean needles and advice to addicts a “foreign agent”,meaning its activities were deemed political.
六月,他们将唯一一个给吸毒者提供清洁针具和建议的莫斯科团体标记为“外国代理”,意味着此团体的行为被视为带有政治性质的。