新概念英语第三册课文和笔记-第5课

新概念英语第三册课堂笔记 第五课

Lesson 5
The facts
确切数字
【New words and expressions】 生词和短语

★editor
n. 编辑
edit:(v.)编辑
edition:(n.)编辑
editorial:(a)编辑的，主编的
　　　　　(n.)社论，评论

★extreme
n. 极端
go to extreme(s) to do: 走极端
He went to extreme to say that the play was the best one.
He went to extremes to say that his girlfriend was the most beautiful in the world.
go from one extreme to the other

★statistics
n. 统计数字

★journalist
n. 新闻记者
reporter:(电视台）记者
correspondent:(电台）记者，通讯员

★president
n. 总统

★palace
n. 王宫；宏伟的住宅

★publish
v. 出版
They have already published the magazine
=print(vt.),go to press
The book has already been published.
The book has gone to press.

★fax
n. 传真
send a fax

★impatient
adj. 不耐烦的
patient :有耐心的
patiently:有耐心地
impatient:不耐烦的
impatiently:不耐烦地
n.: patience,impatience

★fire
v. 解雇
He was fired from his job
dismiss(正式）
The manage dismissed him from his company.
sack(俚语)“解雇，辞退“
If you do it wrong again you will be sacked.

★originally
adv. 起初，原先，从前
original (a.)

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What was the consequence of the editor's insistence on facts and statistics?

Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but the took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.

参考译文

报刊杂志的编辑常常为了向读者提供成立一些关紧要的事实和统计数字而走向极端。去年，一位记者受一家有名的杂志的委托写一篇关于非洲某个新成立共和国总统府的文章。稿子寄来后，编辑看第一句话就拒绝予以发表。文章的开头是这样的：“几百级台阶通向环绕总统的高墙。”编辑立即给那位记者发去传真，要求他核实一下台阶的确切数字和围墙的高度。
记者立即出发去核实这些重要的事实，但过了好长时间不见他把数字寄来，在此期间，编辑等得不耐烦了，因为杂志马上要付印。他给记者先后发去两份传真，但对方毫无反应。于是他又发了一份传真，通知那位记者说，若再不迅速答复，将被解雇。但记者还是没有回复。编辑无奈，勉强按原样发稿了。一周之后，编辑终于接到记者的传真。那个可怜的记者不仅被捕了，而且还被送进了监狱。不过，他终于获准发回了一份传真。在传真中他告诉编辑，就在他数通向15英尺高的总统府围墙的1，084级台阶时，被抓了起来。

【课文讲解】

The facts:确切数字
go to extremes:走极端
provide=supply:　给...提供（通常与介词搭配连用）
provide sb.with sth/provide sth for sb.
He provided them with a bed for the night.
He provided a bed for them for the night
instruct sb.to do sth.=tell sb formally to do sth.正式告诉某人做某事
A well-known magazine instructed a journalist to write an article on the president's palace in new African republic.
The teacher instructed him to take the examination.

on=about 侧重强调课题专一
a book on radio
When the article arrived=When the editor received the article
refuse to publish it
refuse:（vt.) 拒绝（态度严厉）
decline:(vt.) 婉言谢绝
repudiate:(vt.)断然拒绝
which 指代the high wall

instruction……现在分词进一步补充说明fax的情况
set out to do = decide and try to do 决定，打算，着手做...
He set out to make his first 1,000,000 in 5 years.
set about doing
take sb.a long time to do sth.:某事花了某人很久的时间
It took me five days to write the article.
two more faxed=another two faxed

fail to
reluctantly=unwilling 勉勉强强地，不情愿地

as it bad originally been written=in its original way
Not only位于句首，必须采用倒装形式
The poor man had not only been arrested,but had been sent to prison as well.

否定副词位于句首，要倒装
Never have I read such stones.
Nowhere can he find the book he wants.
Hardly did I think it possible.
常见的否定副词: never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,no sooner

含有only的状语位于句首，句子要倒装
Only then did he realize that he had made a mistake.
Only when a great deal more information has been obtained will it be possible to plan a trip.

含有not的副词短语位于句首，句子要倒装
not for a moment,not in the least,not for an instant,not until
Not in the least is he interested in English literature.
Not for an instant did I believe he had lied.

含有no的短语位于句首，句子要倒装
at on time,in no way ,in no sence,by no means,in no case,on no account,on no condition,under no circumstances“决不”
Under no circumstances can we accept the check.
On no account must you leave the baby in the house.

so such 位于句首，句子要倒装

he had at last been allowed=he had at last been permitted
=he had asked for permission
请求允许，被允许：be allowed to do,be permitted to do,asked for permission to do sth.
in which --which指代fax

while和现在分词（-ing)搭配，做时间状语，表示“正在做某事的过程中”
可用用while引导的时间状语从句去替换
while he was counting

现在分词
the steps leading to the president's palace
the road leading to the forest

fifteen-foot……做前置定语，这里的名词必须上单数形式

which 指代wall(避免和前面的句式结构相同）

【Special difficulties】
倒装的用法

1.Not only has he made this mistake before but he will make it again.
2.Only then did I realize what was happening
3.Never will I trust him again.
4.Seldom do you find traffic wardens who are kind and helpful.

【Multiple choice questions】
1.C
2.B
3.A
4.B 首选从句、分词、独立主格结构,缺少了时间状语从句的连接词
Having seen the movie,they went for a walk.
6.D 表示“任意”
7.B unless=if not 一般过去时
8.C inform sb.of(about)sth
9.C
10. C print=publish
11. D
12. D 请求允许做某事：ask for permission to do sth.
允许某人做某事：be given permission to do sth.