新视野大学英语读写教程听力 第一册 unit5c_new

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[00:00.00]喜欢hxen.net，就把hxen.net复制到QQ个人资料中！International Joint Efforts Against AIDS
[00:-1.00]The uniting of the world around the AIDS epidemic is without prior example.
[00:-2.00]As the number of AIDS cases around the world rapidly increases,
[00:-3.00]nations are showing great focus in battling this common enemy
[00:-4.00]attacking rich and poor countries the same.
[00:-5.00]By 1989, almost every nation on earth had established a program
[00:-6.00]educating its people about AIDS,
[00:-7.00]according to Jonathan Mann,
[00:-8.00]director of the World Health Organization's (WHO) International Program on AIDS.
[00:-9.00]At that time, 143 countries had reported one or more AIDS cases.
[00:10.00]In addition to national AIDS programs,
[00:11.00]working together internationally has begun.
[00:12.00]Through open exchanges of scientific facts
[00:13.00]as well as support of international organizations
[00:14.00]such as the World Health Organization,
[00:15.00]all nations can join efforts to fight against this life-threatening disease.
[00:16.00]According to WHO,
[00:17.00]this international effort has produced two critical developments:
[00:18.00]first, there is an amazing level of world-wide focus,
[00:19.00]using world scientists and international sharing
[00:20.00]of human and economic resources to fight AIDS.
[00:21.00]Second, the work of governments, organizations,
[00:22.00]and businesses has been followed by the very high activity of people
[00:23.00]as singles, families, and communities.
[00:24.00]The Influence of AIDS
[00:25.00]The rise of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
[00:26.00]around the earth has represented a major challenge
[00:27.00]to medical progress both in developed and in less — developed countries.
[00:28.00]The past forty years saw great success
[00:29.00]in the control of spreading diseases and great strides toward
[00:30.00]achieving "health for all by the year 2000" (a major WHO goal)
[00:31.00]through improved basic health care, food, cleanliness, and immunization programs
[00:32.00]Yet, because of its sudden start and rapid spread,
[00:33.00]AIDS could soon wipe out this progress.
[00:34.00]By the end of 1988, more than 130,000 cases of AIDS were reported,
[00:35.00]but, because of under reporting, there may actually be more than 350,000 cases
[00:36.00]Also, at least five million persons likely
[00:37.00]have the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
[00:38.00]which causes AIDS.
[00:39.00]That means as many as 400,000 new cases of AIDS
[00:40.00]could occur in the next few years
[00:41.00]more than doubling the present total.
[00:42.00]Caring for AIDS patients could seriously stress economic resources
[00:43.00]even in richer countries.
[00:44.00]Preventing one case of AIDS means preventing many future cases,
[00:45.00]while preventing a case of measles or malaria in Africa
[00:46.00]would have little effect on its spreading,
[00:47.00]since those diseases are already common in many countries.
[00:48.00]Resources devoted to AIDS testing,
[00:49.00]care,and education could also be used to battle other,
[00:50.00]more-known diseases in developing countries.
[00:51.00]Stopping the Spread
[00:52.00]AIDS spreads only in limited ways
[00:53.00]and can be prevented through informed and mature behavior.
[00:54.00]Encouraging such behavior
[00:55.00]depends on understanding the different ways AIDS is spread around the world
[00:56.00]AIDS spreads in three basic ways: first, through sexual intercourse
[00:57.00]second, through contact with diseased blood;
[00:58.00]and third from an HIV mother to her baby.
[00:59.00]The actual patterns of spreading of the AIDS virus
[-1:00.00]change from culture to culture.
[-1:-1.00]Spreading of AIDS in North America, Western Europe, Australia,
[-1:-2.00]New Zealand and parts of Latin America
[-1:-3.00]occurs most often among homosexual or bisexual men and intravenous drug users
[-1:-4.00]most often in city areas.
[-1:-5.00]Heterosexual spreading is low,
[-1:-6.00]but there is danger that the spread of AIDS from male IV-drug users