科技英语新闻:Strong El Nino could bring higher sea levels to U.S. East Coast: study

WASHINGTON, July 15 (Xinhua) -- Coastal communities along the U. S. East Coast may be at risk to higher sea levels accompanied by more destructive storm surges in future El Nino years, according to a new study published Friday by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

The study was prompted by an unusual number of destructive storm surges along the East Coast during the 2009-2010 El Nino winter.

The study, led by Bill Sweet, from NOAA's Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services, examined water levels and storm surge events during the "cool season" of October to April for the past five decades at four sites representative of much of the East Coast: Boston, Atlantic City, Norfolk and Charleston.

From 1961 to 2010, it was found that in strong El Nino years, these coastal areas experienced nearly three times the average number of storm surge events (defined as those of one foot or greater). The research also found that waters in those areas saw a third-of-a-foot elevation in mean sea level above predicted conditions.

"High-water events are already a concern for coastal communities. Studies like this may better prepare local officials who plan for or respond to conditions that may impact their communities," said Sweet. "For instance, city planners may consider reinforcing the primary dunes to mitigate for erosion at their beaches and protecting vulnerable structures like city docks by October during a strong El Nino year."

El Nino conditions are characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the Equatorial Pacific that normally peak during the Northern Hemisphere "cool season." They occur every three to five years with stronger events generally occurring every 10-15 years. El Nino conditions have important consequences for global weather patterns, and within the U.S., often cause wetter-than- average conditions and cooler-than-normal temperatures across much of the South.