用英语表示“更不用说”的若干方式

用英语表示“更不用说”的若干方式 

除let alone外,“更不用说”在英语中还可用其它一些短语来表达,常见的有not to say, not to speak of, not to mention, to say nothing of, much/still/even less much/still more等。

▲not to speak of (后接名词) 

His friends and colleagues will be very upset, not to speak of his parents.  他的朋友和同事都会为此事难过,更不用说他的父母了。

He can speak German and French, not to speak of English.他会说德语和法语,更不用说英语了。

▲not to mention或without mentioning (后接名词) 

We were served French champagne, not to mention usual cocktail. 他们连法国香槟酒也端来给我们喝,更不用说平常的鸡尾酒了。

Old folks and children are all against the proposal, not to mention the youth. 大人、小孩都不赞成这个建议,更不用说年轻人了。

▲to say nothing of (后接名词或动名词)

This sentence is very awkward, to say nothing of its being obscure. 这个句子别扭得很,更不用说它语义晦涩了。（接动名词）

Many people were badly hurt, to say nothing of damage to the building. 许多人受了重伤,更不用说房屋的毁坏了。（接名词）

▲much less / still less / even less (后接名词、动词或句子)

She can't finish her own work in time, even less help others. 她连自己的工作都不能及时完成,更不用说帮助别人了。（接动词）

He can't read English; still less can he teach it. 他看都看不懂英语,更不用说教了。（接句子）

He can hardly spare me a minute, much less an hour. 他连一分钟都不能为我腾出来，更不用说一小时了。（接名词）

▲much/ still more (用于肯定句, 后接名词或介词短语)

She knows French, much more English. 她法语都懂,英语就更不用说了。（接名词）

He is kind to me, still more to my elder brother. 他对我很和善,更不用说对我哥哥了。 （接介词短语）

▲有关用法说明

1. much less / even less / still less引导的词组或从句，表示一种追加的否定。less是由little的否定意义而来的，所以这两个词组只能用于否定句中，意为“更不用说、更不必说”。

2. to say nothing of, not to speak of ,not to mention, let alone这四个词组意为“更不消说”，也是一种追补的说法。但它们与much less和still less有所不同，这些词组可以随前一句的意思而定。前一句是肯定，则追加的也是肯定意义。如果前一句是否定，则追加的也是否定意义。

试比较：

He was too tired to walk, let alone run. 他累得简直不能走了，更不用说跑了。

I’ve never seen the man，much less spoken to him. 我见也没见过这个人，更谈不上跟他说话了。