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英语代词用法详解·指示代词

2009-09-03来源:和谐英语

英语代词用法详解·指示代词

 1. 指示代词概说

英语中表示“这(这),那(些)”的代词叫指示代词,它们主要包括this, these, that, those 四个。见下表:

 

 

 

    

     

this

that

     

these

those


 2. 指示代词的用法注意点

(1) 若回指上文提到的事情,可用that或this,但要指下文叙述的事情时,则通常只用 this。如:

He married one of his students, and this [that] was known to us all. 他娶了他的一个学生,这是大家众所周知的事。

Listen to this: the man is not a professor but a cheat. 大家听着:这个人不是教授,是骗子。

【说明】在打电话时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方。(from www.hxen.net)

(2) that和those后可接定语从句,其通常结构为 that which (=what), those who (=the people who)。如:

That which is beautiful is not always true. 美的东西未必真实。

Those who break the law should be punished. 违法者应该受到惩罚。

【说明】this和 these两个指示代词习惯上不接定语从句。

(3) this和that 可作程度副词,相当于so,用来修饰形容词或副词。如:

Is the problem that easy? 问题有那么简单吗?

The fish I caught was this big. 我捕到的那条鱼有这么大。

(4) 不要误解类似以下句子的意思:

We’ve arranged to meet this day week. 我们安排好一星期后见面。

this day week 意为“一周后的今天”,类似地,this day year 则表示“一年后的今天”。比较:six months ago today 的意思是“半年前的今天”,10 years ago today 的意思是“10年前的今天”。(from www.hxen.net)

3. 含 this和that的习语

with this  说完这些话                       that is to say 也就是说

at this 一看到或听到                        That’s all right 不用谢,没关系

this and that 各式各样的                   this way and that 踌躇不决

for all this 尽管如此                          this way 这样

in this way 用这中方法                     not that 并不是说

now that 既然                                   that is 即,也,那就是

that rings the bell 答对了                    that is it 对啦

that will do 够了,行了