如何使用和区分英语替代词it, one, ones, that, those

My room is better than the one next door. 我的房间比隔壁房间好。

He said he would have the one near him. 他说他要靠近他的那一个。

Is that the one that was published recently? 是最近出版的那一种吗?

Here are six rings. Pick out the one you like best. 这里有六枚戒指，选出你最喜欢的一枚。

但是，若后置定语为of引起的介词短语，则通常用that。如：

The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。

A grandparent’s job is easier than that of a parent. 祖父母的任务比父母的任务要轻松一些。

三、替代表泛指的复数可数名词

替代表泛指的复数可数名词，通常用ones。如：

Hard beds are healthier than soft ones. 硬板床比软床有利于健康。

Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。

We can lend you plastic chairs or metal ones. 我们可以借给你塑料椅子或者金属椅子。

These chairs have the great advantage of being much cheaper than conventional ones. 这些椅子具有比普通椅子便宜得多的优势。

四、替代表特指的复数可数名词

替代表特指的复数名词，通常用the ones。如：

I’d like to try on those shoes. The ones at the front of the window. 我想试试那双鞋子。橱窗里前边的那一双。

Are they the ones who moved here recently? 是最近搬到这儿来的那些人吗?

Don’t buy the expensive apples; get the cheaper ones. 别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。

注：在口语中，也可用those来替代表特指的复数名词，尤其是当其后有of引导的介词短语或who引导的定语从句时。如：

Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light. 红色光线的波长约为蓝色光线波长的两倍。

Those of you who wish to go on the trip may sign up here. 你们中间想参加这次游览的人可以在这里签名。

His ideas are little different from those of his friends. 他的想法和他朋友的想法没什么两样。

Students who do well in examinations are those [the ones] who ask questions in class. 考试成绩好的都是上课爱提问的学生。

五、替代复数形式的不可数名词

有些名词虽然是复数形式，但它是不可数的，即不能直接与数词连词，如trousers, pants, scissors等，此时通常应用those，而不用ones。如：

The clean jeans got all mixed up with the dirty those which were dirty. 干净牛仔裤和脏的牛仔裤全搅在一块了。