英语动词时态用法归纳:一般将来时
有时表示想要做的事。如:
If we are to succeed, we must rely on the masses.
(3) be about to+动词原形。有“即将”的意思,不能和任何时间状语连用。如:
He is about to leave for
Sit down, everyone. The plane is about to start. 大家坐好,飞机就要起飞了。
另外,该结构在美国英语中还可表示“打算”(主要用于否定句)。如:
I’m not about to lend him any more money. 我不打算再借给他任何钱。
(4)少数动词的一般现在时表示按规定或时间表要发生的事。如:
The train leaves the station in five minutes. 火车五分钟后开车。
When does the summer holiday begin? 暑假什么时候开始?
Tomorrow is Friday. 明天是星期五。
The plane takes off at three o'clock. 飞机三点钟起飞。
(5)少数转移动词如come, go, leave, start, arrive等的现在进行时,表示按计划或安排要发生的事。如:
We’re having an English evening next week. 我们下星期将开一个英语晚会。
They are leaving for
有时表示即将发生的动作。如: I’m coming. 我来了。
(6) be due to+动词原形。主要表示按计划或时间表将要发生某事:
He is due to leave
This book is due to be published in August. 这本书计划八月份出版。
(7)在时间、条件等的状语从句以及某些名词性从句、定语从句等中,也用一般现在时表示将来意义,参见“一般现在时”的有关用法。
四、几种将来时间表示法的比较
(1) “will / shall+动词原形”与“be going to +动词原形”:
两者均可表示将来时间和意图,两者有时可换用。如:
I think it’ll rain this evening. / I think it’s going to rain this evening. 我想今晚会下雨。
I won’t tell you about it. / I’m not going to tell you about it. 我不会把这事告诉你的。
但有时有差别:
① be going to表示的计划和打算是经过事先考虑好的;will / shall表示说话时临时做出的决定。比较:
A:—Li Ming is in hospital.
— Oh, really? I didn’t know. I’ll go and visit her.
—李明住院了。
—啊,真的吗?我还不知道。我要去看看她。(临时想法,不能用be going to)
B:— Li Ming is in hospital.
— Yes, I know. I’m going to visit her tomorrow.
—李明住院了。
—我知道,我打算明天去看看她。(事先考虑好的疾患或打算,不能用will)
② 若是有迹象表明要发生某事,通常只用be going to,不用will。如:
The sky is clouding over, there is going to be storm. 天空乌云密布,我们看得出快来暴风雨了。
He looks pale. He is going to be sick. 它看起来脸色苍白。他可能病了。
③ 带有时间或条件状语从句的主句中用will或shall, 而不用be going to。如:
If it is fine tomorrow, I’ll go. 如果明天天晴,我一定去。
As soon as he comes back, I will tell him the news. 他一回来我就告诉他这个消息。
- 上一篇
- 下一篇