英语动词时态用法归纳：一般现在时

英语动词时态用法归纳：一般现在时

一、构成

由动词原形表示，第三人称单数后要加-s，be和have的有特殊人称形式。

二、基本用法

(1) 表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作，常与often, usually , every day 等时间状语连用。如：

Children often dislike homework. 孩子们通常都不喜欢家庭作业。

He does the cooking and she does the washing. 他做饭，她洗碗碟。

The monitor is a person who seldom asks a boon of others. 我们班长是个很少请人帮忙的人。

Sometimes I help my mother in the house. 有时候我帮助妈妈做家务。

We go for walks in the fields occasionally. 我们偶尔去田野里散步。

(2) 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力或感觉等。如：

He seems to feel a bit down today. 他今天好像感到情绪不佳。

This cloth you bought is cheap, but it wears well. 你买的这种布便宜，但耐穿。

He works as a driver. 他以开汽车为业。

He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。

He likes skating and so does she. 他喜欢滑冰她也喜欢滑冰。

Now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at school or college. 现在城市里越来越多的成年人利用业余时间到学校或大学去深造。

What do you suppose you will do after school? 你放学后想什么？

(3) 表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。如：

The Earth goes round the sun once a year. 地球一年绕太阳一周。

Knowledge begins with practice. 认识从实践开始。

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。

Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于语言。

The river Rhine rises in Switzerland. 莱茵河发源于瑞士。

The city sits on a hill. 此城坐落在一座小山上。

(4) 表示现在瞬间的动作。如：

I send you my best wishes. 我向你们表示良好的祝愿。

I great appreciate your kindness. 我感谢你的好意。

The police don’t accept her story. 警方不相信她讲的事。

(5) 可用于动作解说、剧情介绍、新闻标题、图片说明等。如：

Harper passes the ball to Jennings; Jennings shoots and the goalkeeper leaps for it but— yes, it’s a goal. 哈珀传球给詹宁斯；詹宁斯射门，守门员挡球—进球。

In the park, Mathilde continues to tell Jeanne her story. 在公园，玛蒂尔德继续给让娜讲她的经历。

三、一般现在时表将来

(1) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般时表示将来时。如：

When else shall we meet again, if August 1st is not convenient for you? 要是八月一日对你不方便,那么另外什么时候再碰头呢?

By the time he comes, I will have left. 等他到时，我会已离开了。

The film will have started by the time we get to the cinema．我们到电影院时电影会已经开始了。

Turn off the lights before you leave the classroom. 离开教室前关灯。

I shall go there tomorrow unless I'm too busy. 如果我不太忙，明天将到那儿去。

You may come if you wish. 假如你愿意的话，你就来。

另外，在让步、比较、方式等从句也用一般现在时表示将来。如：

Young as he is, he works hard. 他虽年轻，但工作努力。

Whatever you do, I won't tell you my secret. 不管你做什么，我都不会把我的秘密告诉你。

I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 不论你来还是留在家中，我都要去。

Mary sings better than anyone else in the class. 玛丽比班上任何人唱得都好。

The more you have, the more you want. 你拥有越多，想得到的越多。

The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them. 问题越困难，我就越不可能回答。

When in Rome do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。

(2) 少数动词如begin, come, go, leave, start, arrive, end, return等，用一般现在时表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排将要发生的动作。句中通常有具体的时间状语。如：

Tomorrow is Sunday. 明天星期天。

When does the plane take off? 飞机几点起飞？

The train leaves at 10:30. 火车十点半开。

Are you on duty tonight? 今晚你值班吗？

The film begins at two o'clock. 电影两点钟开始。

Where do we go now? 我们现在到哪里去?

(3) 在I hope , I bet等后的宾语从句中及as, than 引出的比较状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来意义，有时也可直接用一般将来时。如：

I hope you have / will have a good trip.我希望你旅途愉快。

I hope you'll be better soon. 我希望你能很快好起来。

I bet he arrives late, he always does so. 我敢肯定他得迟到，他一贯如此。

I bet our team win / will win. 我敢断定我们队准能获胜。

We’ll get there as soon as you do [will]. 你一到，我们就到。

We’ll probably drive faster than you do [will]. 我们开车很可能比你快。