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during which与during which time之异同

2017-06-19来源:和谐英语

during whichduring which time之异同

一、during which的用法

during which相当于during the time / the period / the course of …, 既可用于限制性定语从句也可用于非限制性定语从句,可指时间,也可指过程或阶段等,意为“在……期间;在……过程中;在……阶段”等。

1. during which 用于限制性定语从句时,修饰对象为先行词,先行词在定语从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。如:

September and October are the months of the year during which most English people take their holidays. 一年中9、10两个月是大多数英国人休假的月份。

说明:句中的during which = and during the time of the months of the year 表“一年中的这两个月间”。

In 1988, Vietnam and china fought a brief naval battle during which more than 70 Vietnamese sailors died. 1988年,越南和中国曾进行过一次小规模海战,70多名越南士兵在战斗中丧生。

说明:句中的during which = and during the course of the brief naval battle 表“小规模海战期间”。

2. during which 用于非限制性定语从句时,不修饰整个句子,只修饰句子中的某个词(组),被修饰的词(组),在从句中表“在……期间;在……过程中”。如:

She kept her vow for a week, during which she was unusually cross and fretful.  她信守誓言有一星期之久,但在这一星期内,她显得五心烦躁,动不动就发脾气。

说明:句中的during which = and during the time of the week 表“在这一星期期间”。

He died in the Anti-Japanese War, during which my grandfather fought side by side with him. 他在抗日战争中为国捐躯,在抗战期间,我祖父曾与他并肩战斗过。

说明:句中的during which = and during the period of the Anti-Japanese War 表“在抗日战争期间”。

 

二、during which time的用法

during which time 相当于 during the time that/when + clause,只指时间,表示“在……期间”。

1. during which time通常用于非限制性定语从句,修饰前面主句,侧重点不在于主句中的时间名词,而是整个句子。如:

It took two years for me to get better, during which time he spoon-fed me and did absolutely everything around the house.  我过了两年时间才好起来,其间他喂我进食,并承担全部的家务。

说明:句中的during which time = and during the time when / that it took two years for me to get better 表“我过了两年时间才好起来”的整个过程。

He spent four years in college, during which time he studied medicine. 他上了四年大学,这期间他学了医学。

说明:句中的during which time = and during the time when / that he spent four years in college表“他上了四年大学”的整个过程。

2. during which time间或用于限制性定语从句,但仍是说明前面整个主句,所表达的还是非限制性定语从句的意义。如:

She lived for only seven weeks during which time her sister, Victoria, bought her a small teddy bear. 她只活了7周,在这期间,她的姐姐维多利亚给她买了一个小泰迪熊。

说明:句中的during which time = and during the time when / that she lived for only seven weeks表“她活了7周”这段时间。

 

 

 

 

三、during which during which time的异同

during which修饰主句中表“时间、时期、阶段”等的词(组),而during which time修饰整个句子,在非限制性定语从句中它们的侧重点也有所不同。请看金山词霸上的两个例句:

A year passed, during which the scarecrow turned philosopher. 一年过后, 稻草人变成了哲学家。
说明:定语从句修饰a year这个词。

Half an hour passed, during which time the ark had been slowly stealing over the water. 半小时过去了,这时船在湖面上无声无息地缓缓滑行。

说明:定语从句修饰Half an hour passed整个句子。

再请看“2010年江西省名校高考信息卷(一)”的单项选择题的第25小题:

25. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the beer I had.

A. for which    B. which time    C. during which time    D. during which

答案是C。

说明:其实,这道题不应将during which和during which time同时列入选择项,D选项也是对的,修饰对象变成了three weeks,但意义略有差别。所以,严格地说,这道题的命题还是不够严谨的。而2005年高考英语(重庆卷)就很好地避免了during which和during which time两个选项同时出现的情况。如:

Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ______ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. (答案是A

A. during which time   B. for which time   C. during whose time   D. by that time

▲综上所述,during which和during which time在用于非限制性定语从句时,它们在意义表达上和侧重点上还是有所不同的。