引导从句时用its与whose的区别

引导从句时用its与whose的区别

请下面这道题，逗号后面为什么用its而不用whose？

Not far from the school there was a garden, _____ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.

A. its       B. whose       C. which      D. that

此题很容易误选B，许多同学想当然地认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词 owner。此分析从表面上看，似乎天衣无缝，但实质上是错的，原因是空格后根本不是一个句子，因为它没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动词（seated 和 playing），但它们都是非谓语动词。也许有的同学会问，其中的 seated 不可用作谓语动词吗？不能。因为seat 用作动词时，它总是及物的，其后要么接宾语，要么它就用于被动语态，所以若在 seated 前加上助动词 is，则可以选择B（当然若将 seated 改为 sitting，也应选择B）。所以此题最佳答案选A。请再看一个类似的例子：

(1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _____ translated into foreign languages.

A. it      B. them       C. which     D. that

(2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _____ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it      B. them       C. which     D. that

第(1)题应选B，而不能选C，是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词)，若选C，则该从句无谓语；第(2)题应选C，因为句中有谓语 were translated。再请看下面一例：

(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _____ were translated into foreign languages.

A. it      B. them       C. which     D. that

此题与上面的第(2)题不同，两句间多了一个并列连词and，说明这是一个并列句，故应选B，则不能选C。

请做做以下三题(答案均为B)：

(1) There I met several people, two of _____ being foreigners.

A. which     B. them       C. whom      D. that

(2) There I met several people, two of _____ were foreigners.

A. which     B. whom       C. who      D. that

(3) There I met several people, and two of _____ were foreigners.

A. which     B. them       C. whom      D. that