定语从句关系词省略研究

四、关系代词作主语时的省略

一般说来，关系代词作主语时是不能省略的，但是在以下两种特殊情况，也可省略。

(1) 当定语从句为there be 结构时，作主语的that可以省略。如：

I’ve told you all (that) there is to tell. 该告诉的我都告诉你了。

It was the only cotton mill (that) there was then. 那时它是唯一的一家棉纺织厂。

(2) 当主句为there be结构时，在定语从句中作主语的that, which, who有时可省略。如：

There’s a gentleman (who) wants to see you. 有一位先生要见您。

(3) 当主句为it is, here is结构时，在定语从句中作主语的that有时可省略。如：

Here’s a little book (that) will tell you how to raise roses. 这是一本关于玫瑰花栽培的小册子。

五、关系副词when的省略

用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。如：

That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出国了。

I’ll never forget the day (that) we met. 我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。

That was the year (when) I first went abroad. 那是我第一次出国的一年。

Now is the time (when) I need him most. 现在是我最需要他的时候。

Do you remember the days (when) there were no jet planes? 你还记得那个没有喷气机的年代吗?

六、关系副词where的省略

用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。如：

This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。

Have you somewhere (where) I can lie down for an hour? 你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时？

Have you got somewhere (where) I can lie down for a while? 你有什么地方我可以稍躺一会儿。

We need a place (where) we can stay for a few days. 我们需要一个能住几天的地方。

Do you know anywhere (where) I can buy a second-hand typewriter? 你知道哪里能买到旧打字机吗?

I know somewhere (where) you can eat Japanese food. 我认识个地方可以吃日本菜。