动词hear的相关用法与语法
动词hear的相关用法与语法
1. 表示“听见”,通常为及物动词,多指无意识的动作。如:
He listened but heard nothing. 他注意听,但什么也没听见。
Suddenly I heard a strange noise. 我突然听到一种奇怪的响声。
若表示“倾听”“听取”等,则表示有意识的动作。如:
I’m interested to hear your opinion. 我想听听你的意见。
We’d better hear what they have to say. 我们还是听听他们要说什么吧。
另外,hear 通常为及物动词,但有时也用作不及物动词。如:
She doesn’t hear very well. 她听力不太好。
2. 表示“听见”,其后可接复合宾语,其中的宾语补足语可以是:
(1) 动词原形(即不带to的不定式)。表示听到了动作的全过程。如:
I heard him come in last night. 我昨夜听见他进来的。
I heard him open the door and go out. 我听见他打开门,走了出去。
但是,如果hear为被动语态,则其后的不定式必须带to。比较:
I heard him go down the stairs. 我听见他下楼了。
He was heard to go down the stairs. 有人听见他下楼了。
(2) 现在分词。表示听见动作正在进行。如:
I heard somebody singing in the next room. 我听见有人在隔壁屋里唱歌。
有时我们用现在分词可能不是表示动作在进行,而是表示动作在反复。如:
I heard someone knocking at the door. 我听见有人敲门。
注意,对于那些即不能“进行”也不能“反复”的动作,则不能用现在分词,要用不带to的不定式,如下面一句中的explode就不能改为exploding:
I heard the bomb explode. 我听见炸弹爆炸了。
(3) 过去分词。表示宾语与宾语补足语之间为被动关系。如:
I heard my name called. 我听到有人叫我的名字。
I’ve heard him criticized many times. 我曾听见他多次受到批评。
3. 比较:hear=听见;hear about=听说,得知;hear of=听说,得知。如:
I have never heard about such a man. 我从未听说过这样一个人。
I heard of his death last week. 我上周听说他死了。
注意hear sb doing sth与 hear about (of) sb doing sth意思不同。如:
Have you heard about Jim coming here? 你听说了吉姆要来这里吗?
I’ve never heard of anyone doing a thing like that. 我从未听人说过会有人做那种事。
另外,hear of还可表示“允许”“考虑”,主要用于否定句,尤与 won’t 等连用。如:
He wouldn’t hear of my going away. 他不让我走。
She just won’t hear of such an idea. 她完全不同意这样一个想法。
Hear about还可表示“因……受到报偿或惩罚”。如:
You damaged the bike and you will hear about it. 你把自行车弄坏了,等着挨骂吧。
4. 注意以下两个常用短语:
(1) hear from 从……听来;收到……的来信。如:
I heard this from my friend. 这是我从朋友那听来的。
Have you heard from him recently? 你最近收到他的信了吗?
(2) hear out 听完(某人的话)。如:
Please hear me out. 请听我把话说完。
I know you’re angry but you could at least hear me out. 我知道你很生气,但至少你让我把话说完。
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