高考英语非谓语动词考点扫描
七、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语
原则上,所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语,其区别是:不定式表未来,现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成和被动。如:
1. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise_________. (北京卷)
A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on
分析:答案选A。作with的宾语的补足语要用非谓语动词,排除选项B和C;与谓语动作同时发生用现在分词作宾语补足语,排除表示将来的不定式选项D。
2. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it _________often enough (天津卷)
A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained
分析:答案选D。宾语it与explain是被动关系,用过去分词作宾补,have sth done意为“请人做某事”。
八、考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题
按照英语习惯,非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子一致,否则就应调整句子结构。如:
While watching television, _________. (全国卷III)
A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
分析:答案选C。因为watching的逻辑主语一定是we,排除选项A和B;又因在hear后作宾语补足语的是省略了to的不定式,所以选项D中的rings是错误的。
九、考查非谓语动词用作主语的问题
原则上说,动词用作主语,只能是不定式或动名词,不能是分词形式。这类考题命题还往往用动词原形作为干扰项进行考查,同学们做题需引起注意。如:
It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview; _________the answers ready will be of great help. (北京卷)
A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having
分析:答案选D。动名词短语用作主语。
十、考查“(be +) 过去分词+介词”结构
有一类“be+过去分词+介词”结构,如be interested in, be worried about, be lost in, be dressed in 等,也往往是命题的热点。如:
1. _________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. (江苏卷)
A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
分析:答案选 B。因表示“迷路于”是lose oneself in,题中没有oneself, 所以the two students与lose是被动关系,应该用过去分词作状语。
2. _________ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. (湖南卷)
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
分析:答案选 A。由dress的宾语一定是人或oneself可知,dress与he是动宾关系,即he与dress是被动关系,要用过去分词作状语,Dressed in …=As he is dressed in …
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