哪些情况下不定式要省略to
哪些情况下不定式要省略to
1. 在let, make, have等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。如:
He had his son clean the car. 他叫他的儿子擦车。
Rain makes plants grow. 雨水使植物生长。
We can't let this go on. 我们不能让这个情况继续下去。
注:当使役动词用于被动语态时,要补上在主动语态中省略的to(主要是指make,let和have很少用于被动语态)。如:
He was made to work long hours. 他们让他长时间干活。
2. 在see, hear, observe, notice, feel, watch等感觉动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。如:
I saw him stand up and go out. 我看见他站起来,然后就走了出去。
She noticed the man look [looking] at her a couple of times. 她注意到那个男人朝她看了好几次。
I felt something crawl up my arm. 我觉得有什么东西顺着我的胳膊向上爬。
注:若它们用于被动语态或用于完成式,则其后的不定式要带to。如:
I noticed her to have come early. 我注意到她来得很早。
He was seen to enter the building. 有人看见那男子走进大楼。
另外注意,若动词feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为 to be,则要带 to(其他情况不带 to)。如:
They felt the plan to be unwise. 他们认为这个计划不明智。
3. 在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可以不带to:
I helped him (to) repair his bike. 我帮他修自行车
注:当help用于被动语态时,不定式前的to不能省略。如:
The boy was helped by a woman to collect his scattered coins. 那男孩由一个妇女帮他捡拾散乱一地的钱币。
另外,若 help 之后接一个较长的名词词组作宾语或其中的不定式所表示的动作主语不直接参加,则不定式通常带to。如:
Help the little boys at the back of the hall to carry the chairs out. 请帮大厅后面那些小男孩把椅子搬出去。
These tablets will help you to sleep. 这些药片将对你的睡眠有帮助。
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