“动词+宾语+不定式”用法归纳

“动词+宾语+不定式”用法归纳

“动词+宾语+不定式”是英语中一个十分有用的结构，不仅是考试中的重要考点，而且在口语中也用得非常广泛。可用于该结构的常用动词有 advise, allow, ask, bear, beg, cause, command, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, help, intend, invite, leave, like, mean, need, oblige, order, permit, persuade, prefer, request, remind, teach, tell, trouble, want, warn, wish 等。如：

I hate women to smoke. 我不喜欢女人抽烟。

The doctor advised me to take a complete rest.  医生建议我完全休息。

He didn’t allow the students to go there. 他没让学生们去那儿。

The cold weather caused the plants to die. 天气寒冷冻死了植物。

He ordered the work to be started at once. 他命令马上开始工作。

We expected him to arrive yesterday.  我们原认为他昨天会到的。

We invited him to take part in the celebration. 我们邀请他一起参加庆祝会。

The doctor warned him not to smoke. 医生告诫他不要抽烟。

My parents encouraged me to study abroad. 父母鼓励我出国留学。

They forced her to sign [into signing] the paper. 他们强迫她在文件上签字。

He persuaded his wife to change her mind. 他说服他妻子改变了主意。

值得注意的是，汉语中许多“……某人做某事”的情形不能想当然地用此结构来翻译，下面是一些典型的例子：

●汉语可说“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说 fear sb to do sth。如：

我害怕他会发现我们。

误：I fear him to find us.

正：I fear that he will find us.

●汉语可说“原谅某人做某事”，但英语不说 excuse [forgive] sb to do sth。如：

请原谅我没有早点给你回信。

误：Excuse me not to answer your letter earlier.

误：Excuse me not to have answered your letter earlier.

正：Excuse me for not answering your letter earlier.

正：Excuse me for not having answered your letter earlier.

正：Excuse my not answering your letter earlier.

正：Excuse my not having answered your letter earlier.

●汉语可说“拒绝某人做某事”，但英语不说 refuse sb to do sth。如：

他拒绝我使用他的自行车。

误：He refused me to use his bike.

正：He refused to let me use his bike.

正：He didn’t allow me to use his bike.