very, much与very much的用法区别与辨析

very, much与very much的用法区别与辨析

very, much与very much 均可表示程度，意思是“很”“非常”，其区别和辨析如下：

1. very 的用法

very 主要修饰形容词或副词。如：

The raw material is very cheap.  原料很便宜。

This is a very unusual request.  这是一个不同寻常的请求。

By all accounts their manager is very able. 据说他们的经理很能干。

The boy acted very badly at school. 男孩在学校里表现得很不好。

These products have been advertised very heavily. 这些产品广告做得很多。

She has a very good relationship with her students. 她与她的学生关系很好。

Her serious illness has made her very weak.  她病得很严重，身体很虚弱。

He succeeded in business and was very wealthy. 他事业成功，非常富有。

注：修饰副词 too，要用 much，而不用 very。如：

They walked much too far. 他们走得太远了。

He spoke much too fast. 他说话说得太快了。

This is much too heavy for you to lift. 这东西太重，你拿不起来。

He made himself much too familiar with the girl. 他对这位姑娘太放肆了。

2. much 的用法——修饰动词

much 主要修饰动词，且主要用于否定句或疑问句。如：

It didn’t hurt much. 不怎么痛。

Do you dine out much? 你常在外面用餐吗?

Does the pain from your operation bother you much? 你手术后疼得很难受吗?

He was a pleasant chap but didn't talk much. 他是个讨人喜欢的家伙，但说话不多。

有时也用于肯定句中修饰动词，但此时其前通常会有 very, too, so 等之类的修饰语。如：

It is no less than robbery to ask for so much.  要求这么多，简直跟抢劫没两样。

I have an ache in my leg from walking too much. 我路走多了，腿隐隐作痛。

I very much approve of these new tests.  我非常赞成这些新的测试。

I didn’t recognize him because he altered so much. 我没认出他来，因为他改变了许多。

I couldn’t live in London. I love the great outdoors too much. 我住不了伦敦，我酷爱郊外的环境。

注意，有时单个的 much (即没有修饰语)有时也可能在肯定句修饰动词，但这只限于 enjoy, regret, admire, prefer, appreciate 等少数动词，且此时的 much 应置于句中，而不是句末。如：

Her physical attributes were much admired. 很多人欣赏她的身材。

Sailing is an activity I much enjoy. 帆船运动是我非常喜爱的活动。

They much preferred country life to life in the city. 比起城市生活，他们更喜欢农村生活。

Lewis was much admired for his work on medieval literature. 刘易斯因其对中世纪文学的研究而备受仰慕。

I much prefer the orchestra’s 1998 recording of the symphony. 我更喜欢这支管弦乐队1998 年灌制的这部交响曲。

3. much 的用法——修饰过去分词

修饰过去分词，通常用 much，不用 very。但修饰已经转化成形容词的过去分词，或形容词性质较强的过去分词 (如过去分词作定语时)，则可用 very。如：

I was much surprised at the news. 听到这个消息我非常吃惊。

Her face wore a very surprised expression. 她脸上露出很吃惊的表情。

4. much 的用法——修饰其他成分

much 除修饰动词外，还可修饰比较级和最高级以及介词短语等。如：

If you compare his work with [and] hers, you'll find hers is much better. 要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。

It is much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 借债容易还债难。

Prices are much more likely to go up than come down. 价格很可能上涨而不是下跌。

It’s an economy to buy good shoes; they cost more, but they last much longer than cheap ones. 购买质量高的鞋很经济；虽花钱多，但比廉价鞋耐穿得多。

This is much the worst stretch of motorway in the country. 这是这个国家最糟糕的一段公路。

This is much the most important. 这是最最重要的。

It is much the best place in Britain to live. 这绝对是在英国居住的最好地方。

He fell in the water, much to the entertainment of the children. 他掉进水里，逗得孩子们乐不可支。

Much to my surprise, she did it by herself. 让我极为惊讶的是，这竟然是她自己做的。

注：very 有时也可修饰最高级 (注意在句中的位置)。如：

His work is comparable with the very best. 他的工作可与最优秀的相比。

I want to give my children the very best education I can afford. 我想给我孩子力所能及的最良好的教育。

At the very least this suggests your future does not lie in your hands. 最起码这表明你的前途不掌握在你自己的手中。

5. very much 的用法

very much 是 much 的强调说法，从理论上说，可用 much 的地方，原则上也可 very much。

He’s very much admired by his students. 他的学生十分钦佩他。