英语副词主要句法功能

英语副词主要句法功能

1. 用作状语

He has the ability to speak English fluently. 他能流利地说英语。

The game absorbed the boy completely. 这男孩完全被游戏吸引住了。

They all admired his behaving so bravely. 他们钦佩他表现如此勇敢。

We must learn to meet adversity gracefully. 我们必须学会冷静地去应付逆境。

The temperature has been above the average recently. 近来的气温一直比平均温度高。

2. 用作表语

Time is up. 时间到了。

He is almost always out. 他几乎总是不在家。

Profits are up by 36%. 利润增加了36%。

Unemployment is up. 失业率上升了。

His leave is up tomorrow. 他的假期明天结束。

The birth rate is down. 出生率下降了。

My room is upstairs. 我的房间在楼上。

I’ll go to collect the children when the class is over. 放学时我去接孩子。

I gave the headmaster a call but he was out. 我给校长打了个电话，但他出去了。

3. 用作宾语

He lives not far from there. 他住的离那儿不远。

He just came back from abroad. 他刚从国外回来。

We have got to get a surgeon in here. 我们这里一定得有一个外科医生。

The agricultural land is very fertile around here. 这一带的农田非常肥沃。

The noise from downstairs prevented me from sleeping. 楼下的吵闹声使我睡不着觉。

There has been an increase in fares since then. 从那时起车费就涨价了。

Until now I’ve always credited you with more sense. 在这以前，我一直都认为你不至如此糊涂。

If you can’t finish the book by then, you must come and renew it. 这本书如果你到时候还看不完，你应当来续借。

副词用作宾语的用法十分有限，通常只用作介词宾语，并且只限于某些表示时间和地点的副词，而且不同的副词有不同的搭配特点。

4. 用作宾语补足语

I need this tooth out. 我需要拔掉这颗牙。

He was about to leave when his wife called him back. 他正要离去，他妻子把他叫了回来。

一般说来，能用作表语的副词都可用作宾语补足语。如：

He went to see her but found that she was out. =He went to see her but found her out. 他去看她，但发现她不在家。

5. 用作定语

Choose the appropriate words from the list below. 从下表中选择适当的词。

Not feel ashamed to ask and learn from people below. 不耻下问。

We watched the mists ascending from the valley below. 我们看着薄雾从下面的山谷中升起。

They stood on the balcony to watch the festival in the street below. 他们站在阳台上观看下面马路上的节日活动。

副词用作定语总是放在被修饰名词之后，如 the above passage / the passage above 都可表示“上面的段落”，但前者的 above 前置，为形容词；后者的 above 后置，为副词。