副词how用法详解
副词how用法详解
1. 在某些动词(如show, discover, see, explain, find out等)之后不宜直接跟不定式,但可跟“疑问词+不定式”,在这类结构中,不要忘记必要的 how(因为 how 在汉语中往往译不出)。如:
你能说明一下蛋糕的作法吗?
误:Can you explain to make a cake?
正:Can you explain how to make a cake?
2. 通常不能用作关系副词,所以不能引导定语从句:
那就是他跟他父母说话的样子。
误:That’s the way how he speaks to his parents.
正:That’s how he speaks to his parents.
正:That’s the way (that) he speaks to his parents.
正:That’s the way (in which) he speaks to his parents.
3. how far与how long用法不同:前者用来问距离的远近,而后者用来问时间的长短或物体的长度。如:
How far did you drive today? 今天你开车开了多远?
How long shall we stay there? 我们在那儿要待多久?
How long is this pool? 这个水塘有多长?
4. how many与how much用法不同:两者均表示“多少”,how many之后接可数名词复数,而how much之后接不可数名词或不接词。如:
How many tenses are there in English? 英语有多少种时态?
How much baggage do you have? 你有多少行李?
How much is four times five? 4乘以5等于多少?
另外,how much 还可用来询问价钱:How much is the coat? 这件上衣多少钱?
5. 比较how long, how often, how soon:
(1) how long指多长时间,用来对一段时间(如two days, four weeks等)提问。如:
A:How long did he live here? 他在这儿住了多久?
B:About five years. 大约5年。
(2) how often指每隔多久,用来对频度副词或状语(如once a week, three times a month等)提问。如:
A:How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?
B:Once a month. 每月一次。
(3) how soon指再过多久,用来对表示将来的一段时间提问(如in an hour, in two weeks等)提问。如:
A:How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?
B:In an hour. 1个小时以后。
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