初中英语典型错误100例(10)
初中英语典型错误100例(10)
91. 中国人是一个勤劳勇敢的民族。
误:The Chinese is a brave and hard-working people.
正:The Chinese are a brave and hard-working people.
析:the Chinese 泛指全体中国人,即“中华民族”,具有复数意义,用作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。注意,不要认为表语是单数,谓语动词就用单数,因为谓语是与主语的数保持一致,而不是与表语的数保持一致。
92. 妈妈为我买了两套新衣服。
误:Mother bought me two new clothes.
正:Mother bought me two new suits of clothes.
析:clothes 表示“衣服”是一个没有单数形式的复数名词,但是它却不能与直接与数词连用。要表示几套衣服,可借助suit 来表示;若无需表明是几套衣服,可用 a few, many, these, those 等修饰。
93. 我们用彩灯装饰圣诞树。
误:We decorated the Christmas tree with coloured lights
正:We decorated the Christmas tree with coloured lights
析:汉语说“彩(色)……”,根据情况可以用 colour, coloured, colourful 来修饰相关的名词,其区别是:colour 指它所修饰名词能够产生 colour 的效果,如:colour TV(彩电),colour film(彩色电影);coloured 用作定语指它所修饰的名词具有 colour 的特征,如:coloured flag(彩旗),coloured chalk(彩色粉笔);而 colourful 用作定语则指颜色的多样性或色彩的鲜艳性,意为“丰富多彩的”“多彩的”“艳丽的”,如:colourful wings(五颜六色的翅膀),colourful clouds(彩云)。
94. 这个月他父母来过学校两次。
误:His parents have come to the school twice this month.
正:His parents have been to the school twice this month.
析:have come 只表示“已来”,不表示“来过”,要表示后者的意思应用 have been (to)。
95. 他是一家五星级宾馆的厨师。
误:He is cooker in a five-star hotel.
正:He is cook in a five-star hotel. (www.hxen.net)
析:cook 用作动词,意为“烹调”、“做饭菜”,它同时也可用作名词,意为“厨师”。千万不要认为 cooker 是“做饭菜的人”,其实它是指“做饭菜的东西”,即“炊具”。
96. 这位老人的耳朵很聋。
误:The old man’s ears are very deaf.
正:The old man was very deaf.
析:说明一个耳聋,英语习惯上用“人”作主语,而不以“耳朵”作主语。又如:He is deaf in [of] one ear. 他有一只耳朵聋了。
97. 我们大家都累了,休息一会儿怎么样?
误:We are all tired. How about to have a rest?
正:We are all tired. How about having a rest?
析:How about...? 在此用于征求意见,意为“……怎么样”,其后要接动名词(因为 about 是介词)。
98. 我收到了他的礼物,但我没有接受。
误:I accepted his present but I didn’t receive it.
正:I received his present but I didn’t accept it.
析:receive只表示客观上的“收到”,而accept则表示主观上的“接受”。
99. 我生病时,我姑妈替我料理家务。
误:My aunt keeps the house for me when I am ill.
正:My aunt keeps house for me when I am ill.(http://ask.hxen.net/)
析:keep house 与 keep the house:前者指“料理家务”,后者指“呆在家里不外出”。比较:She will keep house until we come back. 我们回来前她负责看家。/ She will keep the house until we come back. 她会一直呆在家里等我们回来。
100. 我写信来是想请你下周星期六来吃饭。
误:I write to invite you to dinner next Saturday.
正:I write to ask you to dinner next Saturday.
析:按英语习惯,当面邀请人时,通常不有invite。又如要表示 “我想请你来参加晚会”,通常不能说成 I’d like to invite you to the party. 而应换成其他说法,如说 Would you like to come to the party?
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