重点中学英语语法讲义-状语从句

九、地点状语从句

1. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词

主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等：

Put the medicine where children can’t reach it. 把药放在孩子们拿不到的地方。

You can’t camp where [wherever, anywhere] you like these days. 如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。

Everywhere Jenny goes she’s mistaken for her sister. 无论走到哪个地方，詹妮都被误认为是她妹妹。

注：这样用的where通常不用句首，而其他几个则可以。

2. 不可忽略的考点

有的同学认为地点状语从句在平时见得不多，误认为考试不会涉及，但恰恰相反，地点状语从句却是高考经常考查的一个知识点。请看以下高考真题：

(1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.(1986)

A. at which               B. at where               C. the place where     D. where

(2) After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre. (1997)

A. that                      B. where                   C. which                   D. when

(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _____ you can find them again. (1999)

A. when                    B. where                   C. then                     D. there

(4) She found her calculator ______ she lost it. (2000上海)

A. where                   B. when                    C. in which               D. that 

以上四题均选where，其意为“在…的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。

十、状语从句与省略

为了简洁起见，有的状语从句(如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等)有时可省略从句的主语和部分谓语(尤其是当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包括有动词be时)：

She fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他在做作业时睡着了。

While (he was) doing so, he trembled a little. 他这样做时稍稍颤抖了一下。

He opened his mouth as if (he was) to speak. 他张开口，好像要说话似的。

Often she would weep when (she was) alone. 她一个人时，常常哭泣。

I’d like to see you whenever (it’s) convenient. 在你方便的时候我想来看看你。

If (you are) traveling north，you must change at Leeds. 如果你是向北行，你必须在里兹换车。

注：有些由if构成的省略结构，已属固定短语，如if any, if necessary, if possible, if not, if so：

There are few, if any, mistakes in that book. 那本书就是有错误也不多。

If necessary, ring me at home. 如果必要，可以打电话到我家找我。

If possible, I wish to go there next summer. 如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。

He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now? 他可能很忙，要是这样，我以后再来拜访。要是不忙，我现在可以见他吗?